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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJUADI/AJWADI'
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-17-2022, 06:09 AM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJUADI/AJWADI'

Neno *ajuadi/ajwadi* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *kivumishi*  chenye maana zifuatazo:

1. -enye umaarufu sana, mashuhuri, -enye heshima kubwa.

2. -enye ubora zaidi.

3. -enye moyo wa kupenda kusaidia kwa hali na mali bila ubaguzi; karimu.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili *ajuadi/ajwadi*( *soma: ajwadu/ajwada/  اجود )*  lina maana zifuatazo:

1. Mtu karimu sana.

2. Mwenye kufanya kitu bora zaidi.

3.  Mwenye kwenda kasi sana aghalabu farasi.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno hili  la Kiarabu  *ajwadu/ajwada/  اجود*  lilipoingia katika  Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *ajuadi/ajwadi*  maana zake katika lugha ya asili - Kiarabu  hazikubadilika.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  Pendo lidumisheni
Posted by: John John - 02-15-2022, 11:02 AM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

PENDO LIDUMISHENI
MTUNZI: JOHN L. JOHN

Mwenzenu nawatafuta, utungo niwaghanie,
Kuna mambo nimepata, nataka niwaambie,
Pendo lenu dumisheni, lisitiwe walakini.

Kwanza, Mola muombeni, yeye ndiye kimbilio,
Awajalie amani, kila iitwapo leo,
Pendo lenu adumishe, lisitiwe walakini.

Pili, msiwe wepesi, yasemwayo kuamini,
Upeni muda nafasi, ukweli kuubaini,
Pendo lenu dumisheni, lisitiwe walakini.

Tatu, shirikianeni, kwani umoja ni nguvu,
Utengano kataeni, hata kama kwa mabavu,
Pendo lenu dumisheni, lisitiwe walakini.

Nne, vumilianeni, hasa nyakati za shida,
Zenye nyingi tafurani, zisokuwa kawaida,
Pendo lenu dumisheni, lisitiwe walakini.

Mti ulio na tunda, ni sawa na lenu pendo,
Wapo watu huliwinda, lianguke kwa kishindo,
Pendo lenu dumisheni, lisitiwe walakini.

 Mtunzi: JOHN LUKAS JOHN

                0788514751/0747225775
Baruapepe: jjohnlukas0788@gmail.com

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'MEMOSAS'
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-14-2022, 06:02 AM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

KWA KUTEKELEZA AMRI YA WAZEE WANGU WALIOTAKA  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'MEMOSAS'.

*HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'MIMOSAS'.*

Neno *mimosas* katika lugha ya Kiingereza ni wingi wa neno *mimosa* *(nomino)*  yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Jenasi yoyote (Mimosa) ya miti, vichaka na mimea ya jamii ya mikunde inayotokea katika maeneo ya tropiki na joto na kwa kawaida huwa na majani yenye michomo na vichwa vya maua madogo meupe au waridi.

2. Mti wa hariri.

3: kinywaji mchanganyiko kinachojumuisha champagne na juisi ya machungwa.

Kuna Sikukuu ya Kitaifa isiyo rasmi ambayo husheherekewa nchini Kroshia (Crotia) tarehe 16 Mei kila mwaka kwa ajili ya kukitukuza kinywaji hiki maarufu na kinachopendwa sana na wazee.

Wataalamu wa Etimolojia wanadai kuwa asili ya neno hili ni Hispania (Kihispanyola) na kwamba lilianza kuwa mashuhuri nchini Uingereza baada ya kuingia kinywaji hiki mwaka 1921.

Kinachodhiri ni kuwa maana ya msitu na miti yenye maua ya njano kadhalika kinywaji cha rangi ya njano, kwa ujumla wake, ni mazingira rafiki na sadifu kwa yale yaliyojiri na yatakayoendelea kujiri miongoni mwa matukio duniani.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJUZA'
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-12-2022, 02:25 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJUZA'

Neno *ajuza* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *nomino [Ngeli: a-/wa- wingi: maajuzi]*  yenye maana mtu wa jinsi ya kike aliyezeeka sana; mwanamke aliyekonga sana.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili *ajuza*( *soma: ajuuzatun/ajuuzatan/ajuuzatin عجوزة )*  limetamatishwa na herufi ya Kiarabu taau (t ة) ya mkunjo ambayo ni alama ya jina la kike ingawa katika lugha ya Kiarabu neno hili hutumika bila ya hiyo herufi (t ة) yaani: *ajuuzun/ajuuzan/ajuuzin  عجوز* kwa mwanamume na mwanamke.

Neno hili linatokana na *kitenzi* cha Kiarabu *ajaza عجز*  chenye maana: ameshindwa.

Neno *ajuuzun* (soma: *ajuuzun/ajuuzan/ajuuzin  عجوز* ) katika lugha ya Kiarabu lina maana zifuatazo:

1. Mtu wa jinsi ya kike au kiume aliyezeeka. Huitwa pia *harimu هرم* .

2. Siku za baridi kali *ayyaamul ajuuzi أيام العجوز* katika msimu wa baridi ambazo ni siku saba: siku nne za mwisho wa mwezi *Februari* na siku tatu za mwanzo wa mwezi *Machi* .

3. Pombe.

4. Ardhi.

5. Simba

6. Mbwa mwitu.

7. Sungura.

8 . Ng'ombe jike.

9 . Ngamia jike.

10 . Sindano.

11 . Kisima.

12 . Bahari.

13 . Shujaa

14 . Mfanyabiashara.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno la Kiarabu *ajuuzun/ajuuzan/ajuuzin عجوز* llilipoingia katika  Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *ajuza*  Waswahili walichukua maana moja tu ya mtu aliyekonga na wakamhusisha mtu wa jinsi ya kike tu na kumuacha mtu wa jinsi ya kiume kama walivyoziacha maana nyingine 13 za neno hili katika lugha ya Kiarabu.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJUZA'
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-11-2022, 02:45 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJUZA'

Neno ajuza katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni nomino [Ngeli: a-/wa- wingi: maajuzi]  yenye maana mtu wa jinsi ya kike aliyezeeka sana; mwanamke aliyekonga sana.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili ajuza( soma: ajuuzatun/ajuuzatan/ajuuzatin عجوزة )  limetamatishwa na herufi ya Kiarabu taau (t ة) ya mkunjo ambayo ni alama ya jina la kike ingawa katika lugha ya Kiarabu neno hili hutumika bila ya hiyo herufi (t ة) yaani: ajuuzun/ajuuzan/ajuuzin  عجوز kwa mwanamume na mwanamke.

Neno hili linatokana na kitenzi cha Kiarabu ajaza عجز  chenye maana: ameshindwa.

Neno ajuuzun (soma: ajuuzun/ajuuzan/ajuuzin  عجوز ) katika lugha ya Kiarabu lina maana zifuatazo:

1. Mtu wa jinsi ya kike au kiume aliyezeeka. Huitwa pia harimu هرم .

2. Siku za baridi kali ayyaamul ajuuzi أيام العجوز katika msimu wa baridi ambazo ni siku saba: siku nne za mwisho wa mwezi Februari na siku tatu za mwanzo wa mwezi Machi .

3. Pombe.

4. Ardhi.

5. Simba

6. Mbwa mwitu.

7. Sungura.

8 . Ng'ombe jike.

9 . Ngamia jike.

10 . Sindano.

11 . Kisima.

12 . Bahari.

13 . Shujaa

14 . Mfanyabiashara.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno la Kiarabu ajuuzun/ajuuzan/ajuuzin عجوز llilipoingia katika  Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno ajuza  Waswahili walichukua maana moja tu ya mtu aliyekonga na wakamhusisha mtu wa jinsi ya kike tu na kumuacha mtu wa jinsi ya kiume kama walivyoziacha maana nyingine 13 za neno hili katika lugha ya Kiarabu.

Shukran sana.

Khamis S.M. Mataka.

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJALI'
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-10-2022, 05:04 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'AJALI'.

Neno *ajali* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *nomino [Ngeli: i-/-zi]*  yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Tukio la ghafla lenye madhara au maafa kwa mtu, watu au mali.

2. Tukio la kifo.
*Methali* : *Ajali haina kinga*: Binadamu hana uwezo wa kuzuia maafa.

3. Jambo linalotokana na kudra za Mwenyeezi Mungu; *majaaliwa* .

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili *ajali*( *soma: ajalun/ajalan/ajalin اجل )* ni nomino ya Kiarabu yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Muda maalumu. *Likulli Shay-in Ajaluhu لكل شيء أجله* Kila kitu kina muda wake.

2. Wakati maalumu wa kuisha kitu; *kifo* :  *Jaa-a ajaluhu جاء أجله* Kimefika kifo chake.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno la Kiarabu *ajalun/ajalan/ajalin اجل* llilipoingia katika  Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *ajali*  maana zake katika lugha ya asili - Kiarabu hazikubadilika bali Waswahili wakaliongezea maana ya tukio la ghafla lenye madhara au maafa kwa mtu, watu au mali na ile maana ya jambo linalotokana na kudra za Mwenyeezi Mungu; majaaliwa.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  MAITI HUINGIA NGELI GANI?
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-09-2022, 06:27 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

Mojawapo ya nomino ambazo ngeli zake zina kutokubaliana kwingi miongoni mwa wanasarufi wa Kiswahili ni ‘maiti’.
Walimu na wapenzi wengine wa sarufi ya Kiswahili
huchelea kuelezea kwa hakika mahali pa ‘maiti’ katika mfumo mpya wa uainishaji wa
ngeli uitwao upatanisho wa kisarufi.
MOJAWAPO ya nomino ambazo ngeli zake zina kutokubaliana kwingi miongoni
mwa wanasarufi wa Kiswahili ni ‘maiti’. Walimu na wapenzi wengine wa sarufi ya
Kiswahili huchelea kuelezea kwa hakika mahali pa ‘maiti’ katika mfumo mpya wa
uainishaji wa ngeli uitwao upatanisho wa kisarufi.

Binafsi, nimewahi kukabiliwa na swali lihusulo ngeli ya nomino ‘maiti’ ingawa
jawabu langu kwa kawaida huambatana na maelezo marefu ambayo dhamira yake
ni kujaribu kuutilia nguvu mwegemeo wangu. Ninadhani hata wewe umewahi
kukumbana na hali sawa na hiyo!

Kwa muhtasari, uainishaji wa ‘maiti’ kingeli una uambaji ngoma wa aina mbili
kama zilivyo ngeli nyingine kadhaa. Wanasarufi fulani hudai kwamba nomino hiyo
inapaswa kuingizwa katika ngeli ya ( I-ZI) ilhali wenye maoni tofauti hushikilia
kwamba inapaswa kuwa katika ngeli ya (A-WA ). Sababu zitolewazo na
wanasarufi hao kuhusiana na misimamo yao, ukisikiliza kwa makini, utaona
kwamba zina mashiko ya aina fulani.

Awali , nilieleza kwamba vipo vipengele vingine ambavyo vinaweza kuchukua
mkabala- kati ila si suala la ngeli! Haiyumkiniki kudai kuwa nomino moja inaweza
kuingia katika ngeli mbili tofauti. Kwa hivyo, kinachohitajika ni ukubalifu kuhusu
mahali pa nomino yenyewe katika mfumo mpya wa uainishaji wa ngeli bali si
maelezo marefu ya kushawishi.

Katika makala haya, ninadhamiria kuonyesha sababu mbalimbali zinazowafanya
wenye mikabala miwili tuliyoitaja kuliweka neno hilo katika ngeli mbili tofauti.

Baadaye, nitapendekeza njia ambayo kwayo utata huo unaweza kutatuliwa.
Wanaoshikilia msimamo wa A-WA wanatoa sababu kadha zinazoelekeza mtazamo
wao.                  Wanatumia methali za jadi zilizotumia nomino maiti pamoja na tamaduni nyingine zinazohusiana na sherehe za matanga na mazishi ya Waswahili kushadidia madai yao.

Wanadai kwamba methali hizo zimetumia kirejeshi (ye) na
viwakilishi nafsi – ambata ‘u’ au ‘a’ kurejelea maiti. Viambishi hivyo hujitokeza
katika ngeli ya A-WA katika hali ya umoja.

Baadhi ya methali hizo ni pamoja na:
(1) Adhabu ya kaburi aijuaye maiti.
(2) Maiti haulizwi sanda.
(3) Aibu ya maiti aijuaye mwosha.

Kwa mujibu wa mila na itikadi za Waswahili, inasemekana kwamba kisomo
anachosomewa maiti kaburini mara tu baada ya kuzikwa huitwa talkini. Hapa,
kiambishi ‘a’ katika neno ‘anachosomewa’ hurejelewa na kudaiwa kwamba kunayo
sababu maalumu iliyowafanya Waswahili kutotumia kiambishi kiwacho chochote
kile mathalan (i) ya upatanisho wa sarufi katika ngeli ya ( I-ZI), na badala yake
kutumia kiwakilishi nafsi-ambata ( a).

Sababu nyingine itolewayo kuunga mkono madai ya wanasarufi hao ni ile ya
heshima au uluwa. Wanasema kwamba ijapokuwa maiti hana uhai, heshima yake
bado ingalipo na ndiyo sababu hufanyiwa mazishi maalumu. Kwa mantiki
hiyohiyo, methali, ‘Mimi mbega nafa na uzuri wangu’ hutumiwa kushadidia suala
hilo la heshima ya maiti.
Aidha, majina ya heshima ambayo huendelea kutumiwa na walio hai kumrejelea
aliyeaga dunia miaka mingi baadaye ni ushahidi mwingine unaoelezea sababu ya
kuwekwa kwa nomino maiti katika ngeli hiyo.

Majina hayo ni ‘marehemu’ na ‘hayati’. Tunasema, ‘Marehemu kakangu alikuwa muungwana sana au ; Hayati
Mwinyihatibu alitufanyia mambo mengi’. Ushahidi mwingine utolewao kuunga
mkono msimamo huo, ni ule wa kuwepo kwa kisawe cha maiti; mfu, ambacho
hutumia kiwakilishi nafsi-ambata ( a).
Tunasema, ‘Mfu amezikwa’ wala si 'mfu umezikwa'.

Wanasarufi wenye msimamo wa pili hudai kuwa maadamu hamna uhai na hisia
katika maiti; kigezo muhimu kielekezacho uingizwaji wa nomino katika ngeli ya
A-WA, basi nomino hiyo inapaswa kuingizwa katika ngeli ya (I-ZI) kama vilivyo
vitu vingine vingi ambavyo havina uhai. Wanasarufi hao wanaendelea kudai
kwamba haiyumkiniki kudai, ‘Maiti wake atazikwa kesho’ ila tutasema,
'Maiti yake itazikwa kesho'.
Maoni ya wanasarufi hawa ni kuwa maiti ‘inapaswa’ kuchukuliwa
kama nomino yenziwe mzoga ambayo iko katika ngeli ya U-I.

Wanaendelea kudai
kwamba suala la heshima lina umuhimu mdogo likilinganishwa na ‘uhai’ na ‘hisia’.
Ipo haja ya kuafikiana kuhusu ngeli moja ya nomino ‘maiti’ na nyingine kadha
zenye utata. Ili kufanikiwa kufanya hivyo, jambo moja linapaswa kupewa kipau
mbele: Kuzibwaga imani na misimamo ambayo tumekuwa nayo kwa muda mrefu
kuhusiana na nomino husika na kuwa radhi, kukumbatia mjadala na kujifunza
upya.

Mwl Maeda

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  MTIHANI WA PAMOJA MKOA WA SINGIDA - KISWAHILI 2
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-09-2022, 02:34 PM - Forum: Maswali na majibu - No Replies


.pdf   KISWAHILI P2.pdf (Size: 407.33 KB / Downloads: 51)


.pdf   MWONGOZO KISWAHILI 2..pdf (Size: 614.37 KB / Downloads: 38)

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  MTIHANI WA PAMOJA MKOA WA SINGIDA - KISWAHILI 1
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-09-2022, 02:31 PM - Forum: Maswali na majibu - No Replies


.pdf   KISWAHILI P1.pdf (Size: 402.32 KB / Downloads: 31)


.pdf   MWONGOZO KISWAHILI 1.pdf (Size: 273.56 KB / Downloads: 26)

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'MBASHARA/MUBASHARA' NA 'MUBASHIRI'
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 02-08-2022, 05:48 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO 'MBASHARA/MUBASHARA' NA 'MUBASHIRI'

Neno *mbashara* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *kivumishi*  chenye maana ya kinachorushwa hewani moja kwa moja na kusikika na kuonwa wakati huohuo aghalabu kupitia matangazo ya redio na televisheni.
Mfano: Kipindi mbashara cha televisheni kitarushwa saa moja kamili usiku.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno linalofanana na hili kimuundo ni neno la Kiarabu  *mubaashara* *( *soma: mubaasharatun/mubaasharatan/mubaasharatin مباشرة)* tendo-jina ( *masw-dar مصدر* ) litokanalo na kitenzi cha Kiarabu *baashara باشر*  chenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Ameanza jambo au shughuli yeye mwenyewe bila ya kumtegemea mwengine.

2. Amedhihiri.

3. Amewahi kufanya tendo fulani; mara moja.

Neno *mubashiri* (Soma: *mubaashirun/mubaashiran/mubaashirin  مباشر*)  katika lugha ya Kiarabu ni jina la mtendaji ( *faailun فاعل* ) wa *kitenzi* cha Kiarabu *baashara باشر* lenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Kitu kinachotokea bila ya kusaidiwa na kitu kingine: *sababun mubaashir سبب مباشر* sababu ya moja kwa moja.

2. Amezungumza kwa kutumia data/nyaraka rasmi.

3. Matangazo ya moja kwa moja ya redio na televisheni *bath-thun mubaashir  بث مباشر.*

4. Uhusiano wa moja kwa moja usiokuwa na mtu wa kati. *Alaaqatun mubaashiratun علاقة مباشرة.*

5. Kodi isiyo ya moja kwa moja *dhwaribatun ghayru mubaashiratin ضريبة غير مباشرة* kama kodi inayopatikana kutokana na mauzo ya stampu.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa Waswahili wamelichukua neno la Kiarabu *mubaasharatun    مباشرة* wakalitohowa kuwa *mbashara* na kulipa maana ya neno la Kiarabu *mubaashirun/mubaashiran/mubaashirin مباشر* ambalo moja ya maana zake ni matangazo ya moja kwa moja aghalabu kupitia redio na televisheni.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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