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  FALSAFA YA MAISHA KATIKA MASHAIRI YA MULOKOZI NA SHAABAN ROBERT
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 10-21-2022, 09:16 AM - Forum: Uhakiki wa kazi za fasihi - No Replies


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  NINAMUENZI MWALIMU NYERERE KWA KULIA NA MTANZIKO WA LUGHA NCHINI TANZANIA
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 10-14-2022, 09:12 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

NINAMUENZI MWALIMU NYERERE KWA KULIA NA MTANZIKO WA LUGHA NCHINI TANZANIA

Uzoefu na Tajiriba ya Mwandishi


*1.0 UTANGULIZI*
Ninayeandika makala hii ni Mwalimu na Mtafiti wa lugha ya Kiswahili na Kiingereza. Kwa hiyo, sauti yangu katika uga huu wa lugha (ya Kiswahili na Kiingereza) inaweza ikawa na uzito mkubwa kuliko sauti yangu katika nyuga nyingine za kitaaluma. Msingi wa uchambuzi wa makala yangu umejikita katika uzoefu na tajiriba katika lugha hizi mbili. Ijapokuwa hoja nyingi katika makala hii hazijashadidiwa kwa kurejelea tafiti au maandiko mbalimbali, ninaomba uamini kwamba ni uchambuzi wa mambo wenye ukweli. Lengo langu ni kuwa na makala rahisi fupi isiyochosha kusomwa.

Mwalimu Nyerere ndiye anaweza kutajwa kuwa msingi wa kukifikisha Kiswahili leo hii kilipo. Nyerere alitumia njia nyingi sana za kukikuza, kukieneza na kukiendeleza Kiswahili ikiwemo kukipa hadhi kubwa ya kimatumizi nchini Tanzania. Kiswahili kimekuwa lugha ya kufundishia katika shule za msingi nyingi za Serikali na baadhi ya shule Binafsi huku Kiingereza kikifundishwa kama somo.

Kiingereza, kama tunavyojua, ni lugha iliyotufikia kwa njia ya ukoloni (Waingereza). Ni lugha ambayo ina nafasi kubwa sana kidunia; hii ni lugha ya kufundishia katika ngazi ya elimu ya sekondari na chuo kikuu nchini mwetu ambapo katika ngazi hizo, Kiswahili kinafundishwa au kumakinikiwa kama somo.

*2.0 UFANISI WA LUGHA ZA KUFUNDISHIA*
_2.1 Elimu katika Shule za Msingi_
Katika ngazi ya shule za msingi ambako Kiswahili ni lugha ya kufundishia, ufanisi wa matumizi ya lugha hiyo ni mkubwa kwa maana walimu wanaweza kuitumia lugha hiyo vema kuwafundisha wanafunzi, na wanafunzi wanaweza kuwasikiliza vema walimu wao. Kwa ujumla, majadiliano baina ya walimu na wanafunzi hufanyika vema bila shida yoyote.

Aidha, shule nyingi za msingi (idadi kubwa ikiwa shule za binafsi) zinazotumia Kiingereza kama lugha ya kufundishia, nazo zimekuwa zikifanya vema pia katika kutumia lugha ya Kiingereza katika masuala mbalimbali ya kishule.

_1.2 Elimu katika Sekondari na Vyuo Vikuu_
Ufanisi wa matumizi ya lugha ya kufundishia ambayo ni Kiingereza katika ngazi za elimu tajwa si mzuri hata kidogo. Wanafunzi wengi wameripotiwa na tafiti mbalimbali kuwa hawawezi kufuatilia, kujadili na kujielezea kwa lugha ya Kiingereza. Cha kushangaza, tafiti zimebaini kwamba hata baadhi ya walimu hawana uwezo wa kufundisha na kufanya majadiliano na wanafunzi kwa kutumia Kiingereza muda wote. Kinachotokea ni kwamba walimu wamepitisha utaratibu wa kuchanganya msimbo, yaani wanatumia Kiingereza na Kiswahili wanapofundisha na kujadiliana na wanafunzi wao darasani, ofisini au katika vyumba  semina (kwa vyuo vikuu).

*2.0 MTANZIKO WA LUGHA NCHINI TANZANIA*
Kama ambavyo umeona hali halisi katika kipengele cha kwanza hususani 1.1 na 1.2 kinavyoeleza hali ya ufanisi wa lugha za kufundishia nchini Tanzania. Kwa ujumla, ufanisi wa lugha ya kufundishia upo katika ngazi ya elimu ya msingi tu. Hapo ndipo mtanziko wa lugha unapoanzia. Mtanziko huu wa lugha upo kwa mapana yake; ambapo unaweza kujidhihirisha katika aina tatu: mtanziko wa lugha ya kufundishia; mtanziko wa lugha ya mawasiliano katika taasisi, asasi na vyama vya kitaaluma; na mtanziko wa matumizi ya lugha rasmi.

_2.1 Mtanziko wa Lugha ya Kufundishia_
Kama ambavyo imeelezwa vema katika 1.2; ijapokuwa sera ya lugha imebainisha wazi kwamba shule za sekondari na vyuo vikuu vitumie Kiingereza kama lugha ya kufundishia, walimu na wanafunzi wanachanganya karibia nusu kwa nusu Kiingereza na Kiswahili katika majadiliano kwa njia ya mazungumzo ya mdomo katika mada mbalimbali. Hii hali imeshamiri na inazidi kuota mizizi sekondarini na vyuoni. Na tusipochukua hatua za makusudi, Tanzania litakuwa Taifa la kwanza linalotumia mfumo wa peke yake wa matumizi ya lugha ya kufundishia ambao ni kuchanganya msimbo ( _code-switching/code-mixing_ ).

_2.2 Mtanziko wa Lugha ya Mawasiliano katika Taasisi, Asasi na Vyama vya Kitaaluma_
Taasisi, asasi, na vyama mbalimbali vya kitaaluma vimekuwa katika mtanziko mkubwa wa matumizi ya lugha. Nyaraka nyingi katika taasisi hizi huandikwa kwa Kiingereza lakini majadiliano hufanywa kwa Kiswahili au kwa kuchanganya Kiswahili na Kiingereza.

Hata vyuo vikuu na vyama vya kitaaluma, ambako watu wanategemea mtanziko huu usiwepo, nako bado vikao mbalimbali na mawasiliano ya kiofisi ambayo yameagizwa kisera/kiutaratibu yafanyike kwa Kiingereza, vinafanywa kwa kuchanganya msimbo. Mathalani, kikao kinaweza kufunguliwa kwa lugha muafaka (Kiingereza) kwa dakika kadhaa kisha lugha inabadilika na kuwa ama Kiswahili au kuchanganya msimbo, kwa maana ya kutumia Kiswahili na Kiingereza kwa wakati mmoja.  Cha kushangaza  zaidi, hata katika makongamano na midahalo iliyoandaliwa na wanataaluma na kujadiliana miongoni mwao, nyaraka huandikwa kwa Kiingereza lakini majadiliano kwa mazungumzo ya mdomo hufanyika ama kwa Kiswahili au kuchanganya msimbo (Kiswahili na Kiingereza). Hapo sasa unajiuliza: wanataaluma hawa hawajui Kiingereza?

_2.3 Mtanziko wa Matumizi ya Lugha Rasmi/Sanifu_
Hii ni aina nyingine ya mtanziko ambapo Watanzania wengi hawana weledi wa lugha hizi mbili (Kiswahili na/au Kiingereza) wanazotumia. Licha ya wengi wao kufuzu au kumaliza elimu ya sekondari na/au vyuo vikuu ambako walijifunza na/au kufundishwa (kwa) lugha hizi mbili vema, hawana weledi wa matumizi ya lugha hizo katika misingi yake ya urasmi na usanifu. Wengi wao wanabanga tu lugha hizo pale wanapotakiwa kuzitumia kwa kufuata misingi yake sanifu na rasmi.  Mtanziko huu umekithiri pia katika vyombo vya habari. Hali ni tete! Ina maana kwamba Watanzania wengi hawakijui Kiswahili sanifu/rasmi wala Kiingereza sanifu (standard British English). Ushahidi wa haya mambo upo wazi kabisa.

Kwa ujumla, jambo ambalo nimelibaini ni kwamba kadiri muda unavyozidi kwenda mbele, weledi wa matumizi ya lugha (na hata katika masuala mengine mengi) miongoni mwetu unapungua kwa kasi sana. Ninafikiri upo ulazima wa kufanya utafiti ili kujua sababu ya jambo hili.

*3.0 SABABU ZA MTANZIKO WA LUGHA*
Sababu za mtanziko huu ni:
(a) Kukosekana kwa muumano wa lugha ya kufundishia kati ya ngazi moja na nyingine ya elimu. Suala la kutumia Kiswahili katika ngazi ya shule ya msingi kisha kutumia Kiingereza katika sekondari na vyuo, linamvuruga mwanafunzi kwa kiasi kikubwa sana. Ikumbukwe kwamba binadamu huamilia lugha ( _a person acquires language_ ) pasi kutumia nguvu akiwa mdogo sana, na akishakuwa mkubwa, uwezo wa kuamilia unakufa na kuhamia katika kujifunza lugha ( _to learn language_ ) na hapo sasa nguvu kubwa hutumika. Kwa hiyo, wakati mwanafunzi huyu ni mtoto mdogo akiwa shule ya msingi anatumia lugha X (Kiswahili) ambapo lugha hiyo inakuwa imeshaota mizizi kichwani mwake; akishakua anajiunga na sekondari, anakutana na lugha X (Kiingereza), inakuwa ni vigumu sana kuingiza misingi mipya ya lugha akilini mwake. Matokeo yake, anabakia na mtanziko wa lugha katika msingi kwamba anakosa fursa ya kuimarisha lugha iliyoota mizizi kichwani mwake na analazimika kuingiza lugha mpya katika kichwa  ambacho kinatakiwa sasa kitumie nguvu nyingi kuipokea lugha hiyo na kujiimarisha nayo. Matokeo yake ni kwamba mwanafunzi anakuwa na kazi mbili: kwanza, kujifunza lugha ngeni ambayo haijaimarika kichwani mwake, na pili, kujifunza maarifa husika. Je, unadhani mwanfunzi huyu anaweza kujenga maarifa muafaka pamoja na fikra tunduizi kichani mwake?

(b) Baadhi ya walimu (wa masomo ya lugha na wa masomo mengine)  kutokuwa weledi. Ualimu unachukuliwa kama fani ya watu wenye ufaulu  duni (wa chini);

© Kukosekana kwa mbinu changamani nzuri za kufundisha na kujifunza somo la Kiingereza; mfano, kukosekana kwa midahalo (debates), kukosekana kwa mashindano ya usomaji wa hadithi na vitabu vya Kiingereza, kukosekana kwa mashindano mbalimbali ya uandishi kwa lugha ya Kiingereza, n.k. ;

(d) Kukosekana kwa usimamizi madhubuti wa matumizi ya lugha yaliyopitishwa kisheria/kisera katika ngazi fulani ya elimu, taasisi, au katika muktadha fulani; na

(e) Mazingira magumu na maslahi duni kwa walimu hasa wa sekondari na shule za msingi.

*4.0 NINI KIFANYIKE KUONDOKANA NA MTANZIKO WA LUGHA?*
Jibu ni rahisi: kutatua changamoto na matatizo yaliyobainishwa katika sehemu ya 3.0

*5.0 HITIMISHO*
Licha ya kwamba ni kweli ili kuondokana na mtanziko huu wa lugha nchini Tanzania, kwa kiasi kikubwa tunategemea mchakato usimamiwe na Serikali; bado mtu binafsi au taasisi inaweza kuwa na mikakati ya kupunguza au kuondokana na kiwango fulani cha mtanziko wa lugha. Kwa hiyo, ninatoa wito kwa watu wote hususani waliobahatika kusoma elimu ya sekondari na/au chuo wafanye jitihada za makusudi za kujikwamua katika mtanziko huu. Yafuatayo ni mambo unayoweza kuyafanya au kuyazingatia ili kuondokana na mtanziko wa lugha:

(a) Kujifunza au kujiimarisha katika lugha ya Kiingereza na Kiswahili; jipige msasa katika sarufi ya lugha hizo, kama una shida ya kuongea Kiingereza vema; jenga utamaduni wa kusikiliza sana Kiingereza, kusoma &  kuandika sana habari za Kiingereza, na kujenga mazoea ya kuongea Kiingereza; na

(b) Jenga nidhamu ya kuheshimu lugha iliyopitishwa kutumika katika miktadha fulani; kama ni Kiingereza, tumia Kiingereza, kama ni Kiswahili, tumia Kiswahili; achana na habari za kuchanganya msimbo bila ulazima wowote.


*Dkt. Issaya Lupogo*
Chuo Kikuu Mzumbe
lupogoissaya1@gmail.com
0712-143909

_#TumuenziBabaWaTaifaKwaKuitumikiaNchiYetuVema#_

14/10/2022

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "DAHALIA''
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 10-12-2022, 05:29 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "DAHALIA''

Neno *dahalia* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *nomino: [Ngeli: i-/zi-*] yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Jengo wanamolala wanafunzi wasomao kwenye shule au vyuo vya bweni *(Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili*).

2. Bweni la wanafunzi wa kike.( *Kamusi Teule ya Kiswahili*).

Neno hili *dahalia* linatokana na neno la Kiarabu *daakhiliyyat  داخلية*  lenye maana zifuatazo:

1.  Shule ya bweni, *madrasatun Daakhiliyyat مدرسة داخلية.*

2. Kivumishi *-a ndani*, *mushkilatun daakhiliyyat مشكلة داخلية* tatizo la ndani, *malaabisun daakhiliyyat  ملابس داخلية* nguo za ndani, *wizaaratun daakhiliyyat وزارة داخلية* wizara ya mambo ya ndani. 

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno *daakhiliyyat داخلية* lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *dahalia* maana yake ya bweni katika lugha ya asili - Kiarabu (cha zamani)  haikubadilika.

Neno la Kiarabu Sanifu linalotumika kwa maana ya bweni ni *mahjau مهجع (umoja) na mahaajiu مهاجع (wingi).* 

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  WATUNZI WA FASIHI WANATAFUTWA
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 10-08-2022, 10:29 PM - Forum: Watunzi wa Kiswahili - No Replies

Habari Njema kwa watunzi na Utunzi wa kazi za Fasihi nchini Tanzania.

Kampuni ya Uchapishaji ya APE imo katika mradi wa kukusanya simulizi za Watunzi kisha kuzihifadhi zimulizi hizo kwa manufaa ya sasa na ya baadaye.
Mradi huu unahisaniwa na kampuni ya Uchapishaji ya APE ya Jijini Dar es Salaam. Mradi unaratibiwa na Prof. Mulokozi kwa kusaidiwa na ndugu A. A. Majid Mswahili. Safu nzima ya mradi huu ni pamoja na ndugu E. Mshahara na ndugu P. A. Daudi katika sekta ya ufundi.

Mpaka sasa mradi umewafikia Watunzi wa Dar es Salaam na Zanzibar. Ikiwa wewe bado hujafikiwa,  tafadhali tutafute kwa nambari 0715 838480.

Watunzi ambao tayari wameshatoa simulizi zao ni hawa wafutao;

Kutoka  18/7/2022 hadi  7/10/2022 Hawa ndio wamefikiwa:

1. Amiri Sudi Andanenga x2
2. Ikbal Shaaban Robert (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
3. Iddy M. Mwimbe
4. Prof. Shani Omari
5. Hussein Wamaywa
6. Dkt Elizabeth Mahenge 
7. Prof. Emmanuel Mbogo
8. Shafi Adam Shafi
9. Kevin Mponda
10. Hafidh Kido
11. Bi. Sikudhani Jalala
12. Bi. Shani Kitogo
13. Charles Mloka
14. Amiri Kaluta (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
15. Hamisi Kisamvu
16. Athumani Mauya
17. Mwafrika Merinyo
18. Ali Athumani Masoud (Zbar)
19. Bi. Saada Kassim Ahmed (Zbar)
20. Ali Mwalim Rashid (Zbar)
21. Rose Mbijima
22. William E. Mkufya
23. Happy Msokile (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
24. Ismail Himu
25. Esther Mngodo
26. Chambi Chachage (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
27. Prof. Penina Muhando
28. Richard Mabala
29. Elieshi Lema
30. Mudhihir M. Mudhihir
31. Wakati Mwaruka (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
32. Abdallah J. Saffari
33. Mugyabuso M. Mulokozi
34. Farouk Topan (Zbar)
35. Ali Mohamed Ali (Zbar)
36. Nassor Hilal Kharusi (Zbar)
37. Bi. Riziki Mohamed Juma (Zbar)
38. Amir Ali Mohamed (Zbar)
39. Ali Abdallah Bahroon  (Zbar)
40. Simba Haji Gora (Zbar) (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
41. Ally Salehe (Zbar)
42. Bashiru Abdallah (Zbar)
43. Rashid Mbwana (Zbar)
44. Nassor Hilal Kharusi (Zbar)
45. Bi. Sabra Amran (Zbar)
46. Frank Masai
47. Hussein Molito Omari .
48. Dotto Rangimoto
49. Dickson Mtalaze
50. Florida Kezilahabi (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
51. Abyas Mzigua
52. Godftrey Mishomari
53. Shaaban Mngazija
54. Mudi Mwanaharakati 
55. Latifa Ntanga
56. Nahida Esmail
57. Khadija Jilala
58. Fr Felician Nkwera
59. Primus Karugendo (Ndugu wa Mwandishi)
60. Bi. Pilli Dumea 
61. G.P. Mwamwingila
62. Dkt. Harrison Mwakyembe
63. Bi. Yustar A. Lucas
64. Amiri Sudi Andanenga (mara ya 2)
65. Elias Mutani   
66. Stallone Joyfully
67. Hussein Tuwa
68. Abdullah Saiwaad
69. Suleiman Kijogoo

Karibu sana katika SAUTI YA MTUNZI, tufuatilia kupitia anuani hiyo hapo chini.

Aidha, usipitwe na kipindi cha Siri ya Sifuri kila Jumatano saa 3: 00 usiku Channelten.

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "DAFTARI''
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 10-08-2022, 12:06 AM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "DAFTARI''

Neno *daftari* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *nomino: [Ngeli: li-/ya-*] yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Kitabu kinachotumiwa na wanafunzi kuandikia masomo ya darasani na kufanyia mazoezi  *(Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili*).

2. Kitabu cha kutunzia kumbukumbu za miamala ya kifedha; leja.( *Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili*).

Neno hili *daftari* linatokana na neno la Kiarabu *daftarun  دفتر*  lenye maana zifuatazo:

1.  Karatasi zilizofungwa pamoja ambazo wanafunzi huandikia masomo yao darasani kama vile hesabati na kadhalika.

2. Daftari la kumbukumbu kwa ajili ya kuandikia matukio, fikra muhimu na kadhalika.

3. Kitabu cha hundi za benki,  brosha.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno *daftarun دفتر* lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *daftari* maana zake katika lugha ya asili - Kiarabu  hazikubadilika.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  JARIDA LA FAHARI YA KISWAHILI la Chuo Kikuu Ruaha (RUCU)
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-28-2022, 05:43 PM - Forum: Uhakiki wa kazi za fasihi - No Replies


.pdf   JAFAKI, JUZUU 1, TOLEO 1, 2022.pdf (Size: 1.56 MB / Downloads: 3)

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "DAFRAO''
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-28-2022, 06:01 AM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "DAFRAO''

Neno *dafrao* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *nomino: [Ngeli: i-/zi-*] yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Tukio la kugongana uso kwa uso kwa vyombo vinavyotembea.

2. Chuma kigumu kinachofungwa Mbele ya gari ili kuzuia uharibifu wakati magari yanapogongana.

Neno hili *dafrao* linatokana na neno la Kiarabu *dafraau دفراء* na lenye maana zifuatazo:

1.  Kilichodhalilika.

2. Kitu kilichooza, kikanuka na kutoa wadudu.

3. Aina ya mmea wa kitropiki. Kwa Kiingereza huitwa *scoparia.*

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno *dafraau  دفراء* lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *dafrao* maana yake kati lugha ya asili - Kiarabu ilibadilika na kupata maana mpya zilizotajwa.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "FURUTU''
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-25-2022, 09:54 AM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "FURUTU''

Neno *furutu (furut.u)* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *kitenzi si elekezi* chenye maana ya 'zidisha kufanya jambo fulani kuliko kawaida'.

*Mfano:* Kati yenu, Mwanakibibi anafurutu kwa kupenda kujiremba.

Neno hili *furutu*,linatokana na neno la Kiarabu *furtwun فرط* na lenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Kuchupa mpaka, kuzidisha kufanya jambo fulani kuliko kawaida.

2. Kitu kilichoachwa au kutelekezwa.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno *furutwun  فرط* lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *furutu* maana ya kuzidisha kufanya jambo fulani kuliko kawaida haikubadilika na maana ya Kitu kilichoachwa au kutelekezwa iliachwa.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "SARUFI''
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-14-2022, 09:51 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "SARUFI''

Neno *sarufi* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *nomino: [Ngeli: i-/zi-*] yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Mfumo na muundo wa lugha ambao mtu akiufahamu humwezesha kuizungumza kwa ufasaha.

2. Taaluma ya isimu inayotafiti na kubainisha kanuni za vipengele mbalimbali vya lugha kwa mfano fonetiki, fonolojia, mofolojia, semantiki au sintaksia, *mfumo wa lugha.*

Neno hili *sarufi* linatokana na neno la Kiarabu *swarf* lenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Matukio ya zama, *swarfud  dahri صرف الدهر.*

2. Kiuchumi, ni kubadilisha fedha ya nchi kwa fedha ya kigeni; kiwango cha kubadilisha fedha za kigeni.

3. Kilugha, ni taaluma inayohusika na kutambua vijenzi vya maneno na minyumbuliko yake; *mofolojia.*

4. Kisarufi, ni uwekaji wa herufi nuun (ن) mwishoni mwa neno ili kulitambulisha kuwa kwake katika kundi la nomino.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno *swarfu صرف* lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *sarufi* liliacha maana yake ya *mofolojia* katika lugha ya Kiarabu na kuchukua maana mpya pana ya kanuni, sheria au taratibu zinazotawala lugha  katika viwango yote vya uchambuzi wa lugha yaani kiwango cha sarufi matamshi (fonolojia) sarufi maumbo (mofolojia) sarufi miundo (sintaksia) na sarufi maana (semantiki).

Neno lenye maana ya tawi la isimu ya lugha linalojihusisha na fonolojia, mofolojia, semantiki na sintaksia, katika lugha ya Kiarabu, ni *Qawaaidul Lughatil Arabiyyat قواعد اللغة العربية* misingi ya lugha ya Kiarabu.

*Shukran sana.*

*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*

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  Sera ya Faragha/Privacy Policy
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-12-2022, 07:22 AM - Forum: Sera ya Faragha/Privacy Policy - No Replies

Sera ya Faragha
Sera hii inaongoza jinsi jifunzekiswahili.co.tz inavyokusanya, kutumia na kulinda taarifa za watumiaji (kila “mtumiaji”) wa tovuti ya https://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/ (“tovuti”). Sera hii ya faragha ni kwa ajili ya tovuti na bidhaa na huduma zote zinazotolewa na jifunzekiswahili.co.tz
Taarifa za binafsi za utambulishi
Tunaweza kukusanya taarifa za utambulishi kutoka kwa watumiaji kupitia njia kadhaa kama, mtu akitembelea tovuti yetu akajiandikisha kupata huduma zetu, au akajaza fomu yoyote kuhusu bidhaa au huduma tunazotoa kwenye tovuti yetu. Watumiaji wanaweza kuombwa namba ya simu, jina, na anuani ya barua pepe. Watumiaji pia wanaweza kutembelea tovuti yetu bila kutambulika. Tunakusanya taarifa tu ambazo mtumiaji ametoa kwa hiyari. Watumiaji wanaweza kukataa kutoa taarifa zao, japokuwa hii inaweza kuwazuia kutumia baadhi ya huduma.
Taarifa zisizo za utambulishi wa kibinafsi
Tunaweza kukusanya taarifa hizi kila mtumaiji anapotembelea tovuti yetu. Mifano ya taarifa hizi ni aina ya kisakuzi, aina ya kompyuta na taarifa za vifaa zaidi kama jinsi alivyojiunganisha na huduma yetu, anapataje mtandao wa kuperuzi na kadhalika.

Kuki za kisakuzi
Tovuti yetu inaweza kutumia “kuki” kuongeza muonekano mzuri kwa mtumiaji. Kompyuta za watumiaji zinaweza kutunza kuki hizi kwa kumbukumbu na kufahamu taarifa kuhusiana nazo. Mtumiaji anaweza kukataza kompyuta kutumia kuki, au kotoa taarifa wakati kuki zinatumwa. Jua kwamba baadhi ya sehemu za tovuti hazitafanya kazi vizuri bila kuki.
Jinsi tunavyotumia taarifa tunazozikusanya
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Kuboresha huduma kwa wateja
Taarifa mnazotupatia zinatusaidia kutoa majibu na kuwasaidia na mahitaji yenu kwa ubora zaidi.
Kutuma barua pepe
Tunaweza kutumia anuani za barua pepe kutuma taarifa za bidhaa zilizochapishwa, pia zinaweza kutumika kujibu masawali na mahitaji mengine. Kama mtumiaji ataamua kujiunga na orodha yetu ya barua pepe ataweza  kupokea taarifa za  mtandao wetu, mabadiliko, taarifa za bidhaa na huduma nyinginezo. Kama mtumiaji atataka kujitoa katika orodha, maelekezo ya jinsi ya kufanya hivyo yako chini kwenye kila barua pepe.
Jinsi tunavyolinda taarifa zako
Tunatumia njia sahihi za kukusanya, kutumia, na kulinda taarifa zako. Ulinzi dhidi ya kuona, kubadili au kusambaza taarifa zako au kuharibu taarifa zako, jina au nywila au kuonesha matumizi yako ya tovuti yetu.
Kugawa taarifa zako
Hatuuzi, hatuazimi au kabadilishana taarifa binafsi za mtumiaji. Tunaweza kugawa taarifa za kiujumla za demografia ya watumiaji wetu kwa watu tunaofanya nao biashra na wanaotutangazia biashara. Tunaweza kutumia huduma za makampuni mengine kutusaidia kuendesha biashara na shuguli za tovuti yetu kama kutuma majarada au maswali ya utafiti. Tutatoa taarifa zako kwa ajili ya kazi hizo tu ambazo utakuwa  umetoa ruhusa.-(We do not sell, trade, or rent Users personal identification information to others. We may share generic aggregated demographic information not linked to any personal identification information regarding visitors and users with our business partners, trusted affiliates and advertisers for the purposes outlined above. We may use third party service providers to help us operate our business and the Site or administer activities on our behalf, such as sending out newsletters or surveys. We may share your information with these third parties for those limited purposes provided that you have given us your permission).
Mabadiliko ya sera hii ya faragha
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Kukubali masharti haya
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Wasiliana nasi
Kama una maswali kuhusu sera hii ya faragha, utendaji wa tovuti hii au utumiaji wako wa tovuti hii, tafadhali wasiliana nasi kupitia:
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