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  FASIHI SIMULIZI: MUHADHARA WA TATU: FASIHI SIMULIZI NA UANDISHI
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-24-2021, 01:39 PM - Forum: Nukuu - No Replies

MUHADHARA WA TATU: FASIHI SIMULIZI NA UANDISHI
Tangu kutawala kwa fasihi andishi Ulaya,Asia na kutumiwa na wenye nguvu za kisiasa na kiuchumi fasihi simulizi ilidharauliwa ikatwezwa,ikadunishwa na kushushwa hadhi huku fasihi andishi ikitukuzwa na kuendelezwa.
Taaluma ya fasihi simulizi hivi leo inashughulikiwa kwa nguvu nyingi ili kuondokana na fikra duni zilizorithiwa toka kwa wataalamu wa kigeni kuwa sanaa kongwe ya fasihi simulizi ni ya kishenzi.
Pamoja na dharau juu ya fasihi simulizi bado ukweli unabaki kuwa sanaa hii ndiyo ghala halisi la fasihi andishi.
Hata sasa imebainika kuwa tenzi za Kigiriki zinazodaiwa kutungwa na manju aitwaye “Home” hazikuwa zimeandikwa kwa zaidi ya miaka miatano (500) ndipo baadaye zikaja kuhifadhiwa katika maandishi.
Hivi majuzi pia wanateknolojia wameanza kukubali kuwa sehemu kubwa ya Biblia ni fasihi simulizi ya Wayahudi walioishi zama mbalimbali. Wanazidi kueleza kuwa imebainika kuwa fasihi hiyo haikutoka mbinguni bali mizizi yake ni katika jamii ya Wasumuri (Mesopotamia),Waajemi na Wagiriki.
Hoja ya msingi ni kuwa na fasihi andishi haijaibua dhamira mpya zote ni zilezile ambazo zilijitokeza katika masimulizi.
Mfano:
Mapenzi, siasa, unyonge wa wanawake, ukombozi, uchawi na ushirikina, uzazi, ndoa na migogoro ya kitabaka.
Misemo ya fasihi simulizi haijapitwa na fasihi andishi wala fani yake haijabadilika mpaka leo.
Kimsingi fasihi simulizi na fasihi andishi kitu kimoja isipokuwa njia zinazotumiwa na fanani na hadhira katika kuwasilisha ujumbe.
(i)         Fanani wa fasihi simulizi hutumia mdomo,sauti,vitendo na muziki wakati fanani wa fasihi andishi hutumia karatasi na wino.
(ii)        Fasihi simulizi huweza kuwasilishwa kupitia maandishi na fasihi andishi huweza kutumia ala za fasihi simulizi kunogesha kazi yake na kufikisha ujumbe wake. Hivyo maandishi sio kigezo cha kuitenganisha kabisa fasihi simulizi na fasihi andishi.
(iii)      Matumizi ya taarabu na nyimbo za kiasili kayika fasihi andishi ni uthibitisho kuwa fasihi simulizi bado inapendwa na haiwezi kufa bali kubadilika umbo tu ili kuiwezesha kuendana na mabadiliko ya sayansi na teknolojia.
(iv)        Ukichunguza kazi mbalimbali za fasihi andishi utabaini kila mwandishi ameathiriwa na fasihi simulizi kwa namna fulani. Wapo walioathiriwa kifani na wengine kimaudhui.
Kifani
Hapa tunao watunzi kama Ibrahim Hussein (Mashetani na KInjeketile), Penina MHando (Pambo na Lina Ubani), Shaaban Robert (Adili na Nduguze), Mohamed Said Abdullah (Mzimu wa Watu wa Kale).
Waandishi wote hao wametumia wahusika wa kifasihi simulizi kama wanyama,majitu,mazimwi na mapango.
Kimaudhui
Ukichunguza kazi nyingi za fasihi andishi utagundua kuwa maudhui yake ni ya kifasihi simulizi. Vichwa vya hadithi zao ni methali fulani toka fasihi simulizi.
Mfano:
–   Mwerevu hajinyoi
–   Baada ya dhiki faraja
–   Lila na fila havitangamani
–   Mwana umleavyo ndivyo akuavyo, n.k
Tanzu za fasihi simulizi za kihadithi
Kuna makundi mawili makuu ya tanzu za fasihi simulizi.
–   Kundi moja linahusika na tanzu zenye mwelekeo wa kishairi na kundi lingine ni lile linaloshughulikia tanzu za kinathari zenye sifa za kihadithi.
Tanzu za kinathari ni zile zote zinazojumuisha matumizi ya lugha ya kawaida ya maongezi na yenye mjazo.
Mfano:
Hadithi yoyote iliyotungwa kwa mpangilio wa visa na matukio katika namna inayochukuana na kuleta muwala (mtiririko).
NGANO
Ngano zinaelezwa kuwa ni hadithi za “paukwa pakawa” wakaishi raha mustarehe. Maana hii imezingatia zaidi mianzo na miisho ya ngano kutokana na tanzu nyingine za fasihi simulizi.
Mara nyingi ngano huambatana na nyimbo ambazo hutumiwa kuwasilisha ujumbe, kubadili mandhari ya wahusika au kuchapuza hadithi kinachotendeka. Vilevile nyimbo huweza kutumiwa kama kiliwazo katika kulegeza mtiririko na upeo wa matukio yanayotambwa katika ngano.
AINA ZA NGANO
Ngano hugawanywa katika aina mbalimbali kulingana na vigezo vitumikavyo.
v  Kwa kigezo cha wahusika tunapata aina mbili ambazo ni Hekaya na Kharafa/Khurafa.

  1. Hekaya – ni ngano ambazo wahusika wakuu na muhimu ni binadamu. Hekaya hutumiwa kuonesha jinsi watu wa tabaka fulani walivyo na hekima na busara kwa kiasi kikubwa. Mfano: Hekaya za Abunuwasi.
  2. Khurafa/Kharafa- ni hadithi ambazo wahusika wake wakuu ni wanyama na wahusika wasio na uhai kama miti,mawe,majitu,n.k.
v  Kwa kigezo cha matukio tunapata ngano kama vile:
–   Ngano zinazohusu matukio ya kijamii, mfano Waluya na Wapangwa ni makabila yenye historia zinazoelekeana sana. Ngano yoyote toka jamii hizi huchukuliwa kuwa ni ngano za aina moja kwa sababu zinahusu matukio yanayogusa historia za jamii hizo.
Tatizo la kuzingatia kigezo hiki ni tofauti ya mtiririko kama mizani ya kutambulia ngano kwa kuwa ngano hizo zinaweza kuwa na matukio na mtiririko unaoelekeana lakini zikatofautiana katika mianzo na miisho yake.
v  Kigezo kingine ni kutumia wahusika vikale, dhanna hii inahusu aina fulani ya mtiririko. Wahusika au picha kongwe inayojitokeza mara nyingi hutumika kama kigezo. Mfano: mtu kunyanyaswa na kufaulu baadaye. Hawa huitwa wahusika vikale. Kwa namna ingine wahusika vikale ni wale ambao hawategemei nguvu za miili yao katika kushinda bali hutumia akili,ujuzi na maarifa kwa kiasi kikubwa na hatimaye hushinda. Mifano ya wahusika hawa ni Sungura,Kobe,Nyoka, n.k
UAINISHAJI WA NGANO KWA MUJIBU WA VLADMIR PROPP
Propp aliainisha ngano kwa kuzingatia muundo wa ngano yenyewe akitumia  Nadharia ya urasimi, nadharia hii iliasisiwa na Vladimir Propp (1928,1968) katika kitabu chake cha “The Morphology of the folktale.” Nadharia hii ilizuka ili kupinga mawazo ya wanamsambao hususani katika ugawaji wa ngano bila kuchunguza kwa umakini sifa ya kila kundi. Propp anaamini kuwa ili kuchunguza asili ya ngano ni vyema kuanza kuchunguza aina za ngano kwa kuangalia maumbo ya ngano. Hivyo mtazamo huu unaangalia asili ya ngano kwa kuchunguza maumbo ya ngano husika.
Ubora wa nadhairia hii, nadharia hii inasaidia kujua aina za ngano kutokana na dhima zake, mfano ngano za urafiki, miadi, ukatili, ugunduzi na mwisho wa urafiki, (Alan Dunde’s)
Udhaifu wa nadharia, nadharia hii inaonekana kutomzingatia mtambaji ambaye ni sehemu ya ngano yenyewe ambaye anaweza kubadilisha umbo la ngano kadri ya utendaji wake.
Nafasi ya nadharia hii katika ngano za Kiswahili, nadharia hii inatusaidia kuziweka ngano katika makundi kutokana na kazi zake. Mfano tunapata ngano zinazohusu wahusika wajanja mfano sungura na wahusika wasiowaerevu/wajinga mfano fisi.

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  TAFAKARI YA LEO
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-23-2021, 05:28 PM - Forum: Je, wajua ? - No Replies

TAFAKARI YA LEO

h͟͟a͟͟k͟͟u͟͟n͟͟a͟͟ h͟͟a͟͟k͟͟i͟͟m͟͟u͟͟ a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟t͟͟e͟͟n͟͟d͟͟a͟͟ h͟͟a͟͟k͟͟i͟͟ k͟͟a͟͟m͟͟a͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟.

1. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟k͟͟u͟͟p͟͟e͟͟n͟͟d͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟.

2. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟k͟͟u͟͟c͟͟h͟͟u͟͟k͟͟i͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

3. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟s͟͟e͟͟m͟͟a͟͟ t͟͟u͟͟k͟͟o͟͟ p͟͟a͟͟m͟͟o͟͟j͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

4. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟r͟͟i͟͟n͟͟g͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

5. m͟͟w͟͟e͟͟n͟͟y͟͟e͟͟ k͟͟i͟͟b͟͟u͟͟r͟͟i͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

6. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟k͟͟u͟͟d͟͟h͟͟a͟͟r͟͟a͟͟u͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

7. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟k͟͟u͟͟f͟͟i͟͟t͟͟i͟͟n͟͟i͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

8. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟j͟͟i͟͟g͟͟a͟͟m͟͟b͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟.

9. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟j͟͟i͟͟o͟͟n͟͟a͟͟ a͟͟m͟͟e͟͟k͟͟a͟͟m͟͟i͟͟l͟͟i͟͟k͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

10. m͟͟w͟͟e͟͟n͟͟y͟͟e͟͟ w͟͟i͟͟v͟͟u͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

11. a͟͟s͟͟i͟͟y͟͟e͟͟k͟͟u͟͟b͟͟a͟͟l͟͟i͟͟ u͟͟s͟͟h͟͟a͟͟u͟͟r͟͟i͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟

12. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟k͟͟u͟͟o͟͟n͟͟e͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟.

13. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟k͟͟u͟͟p͟͟u͟͟u͟͟z͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟.

14. a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟y͟͟e͟͟j͟͟i͟͟f͟͟a͟͟n͟͟y͟͟a͟͟ a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟j͟͟u͟͟a͟͟, m͟͟p͟͟e͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟.

k͟͟w͟͟a͟͟ k͟͟u͟͟w͟͟a͟͟ i͟͟p͟͟o͟͟ k͟͟e͟͟s͟͟h͟͟o͟͟ t͟͟u͟͟s͟͟i͟͟y͟͟o͟͟i͟͟j͟͟u͟͟a͟͟, t͟͟u͟͟e͟͟n͟͟d͟͟e͟͟l͟͟e͟͟e͟͟ k͟͟u͟͟p͟͟e͟͟a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟, k͟͟w͟͟a͟͟ k͟͟u͟͟w͟͟a͟͟ m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟ n͟͟i͟͟ m͟͟w͟͟a͟͟l͟͟i͟͟m͟͟u͟͟ m͟͟z͟͟u͟͟r͟͟i͟͟ s͟͟a͟͟n͟͟a͟͟. m͟͟u͟͟d͟͟a͟͟ h͟͟u͟͟w͟͟e͟͟k͟͟a͟͟ h͟͟a͟͟d͟͟h͟͟a͟͟r͟͟a͟͟n͟͟i͟͟ j͟͟e͟͟m͟͟a͟͟ n͟͟a͟͟ b͟͟a͟͟y͟͟a͟͟.

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  MTIHANI WA PILI WA UPIMAJI DARASA LA NNE, AGOSTI -2021
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-22-2021, 03:52 PM - Forum: Mitihani - No Replies


.docx   KISWAHILI JIJI ARUSHA IV 2021.docx (Size: 18.24 KB / Downloads: 16)

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  DARASA LA NNE KISWAHILI
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-22-2021, 03:51 PM - Forum: Mitihani - No Replies


.pdf   GRADE 4 CEPSA KISWAHILI .pdf (Size: 518.99 KB / Downloads: 16)

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  MGAWANYO WA TANZU NA VIPERA VYA FASIHI SIMULIZI KWA MUJIBU WA M.M Mulokozi (1989)
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-21-2021, 07:19 PM - Forum: Fasihi kwa ujumla - No Replies


.pdf   TUNU ZA KISWAHILI.pdf (Size: 555.96 KB / Downloads: 1)

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  HISTORIA YA FILAMU AFRIKA
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-21-2021, 07:10 PM - Forum: Fasihi kwa ujumla - No Replies


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  MTIHANI WA AWALI WA UPIMAJI KITAIFA KIDATO CHA PILI
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-20-2021, 02:23 PM - Forum: Mitihani - No Replies


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  SHAIRI: MOYO
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-20-2021, 02:22 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies


.pdf   MOYO.pdf (Size: 132.21 KB / Downloads: 2)

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  ABDILATIF ABDALLA AAGWA CHUONI LEIPZIG, UJERUMANI
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-18-2021, 09:19 PM - Forum: Watunzi wa Kiswahili - No Replies

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  MTIHANI WA UTAMILIFU KANDA YA ZIWA (AGOSTI 2021)
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 09-17-2021, 08:49 AM - Forum: Mitihani - No Replies


.pdf   KISWAHILI.pdf (Size: 289.8 KB / Downloads: 31)

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