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  BAINA YA HARUFU NA HERUFI
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 11:16 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

BAINA YA HARUFU   NA HERUFI

Marahaba, Bwana Rwaka. Nakushukuru kwa kuniuliza swali hilo, kutokana na makala yangu kuhusu neno "Mwanamajumui", uliyoyasoma kwenye ukurasa wa mtandaoni wa Kiswahili Kina Wenyewe. Na namshukuru Sheikh Khamisi Mataka kwa kunisaidia kulijibu, kabla ya mimi kupata nafasi ya kulijibu. Natumai umetosheka na maelezo yake mazuri. Kwa hivyo, sitakuwa na mengi ya kuongeza isipokuwa haya machache yafuatayo.

Umeniuliza maswali mawili. Mosi, hilo neno "harufu" ulilolisoma kwenye makala hayo (ambalo kwa Kiswahili Sanifu huandikwa "herufi") ni la lahaja ipi? Umeeleza kuwa neno hilo ni jipya kwako, kwa sababu ulijualo wewe ni hilo "herufi". Na, pili, umeniuliza kwenye lahaja hiyo neno "harufu" lenye maana ya "smell" kwa Kiingereza, huandikwaje?

Naanza kwa kulijibu swali la pili. Jawabu yake ni kwamba huandikwa vivyo hivyo - "harufu".

Na jawabu ya swali lako la kwanza ni: hilo "harufu" si neno la lahaja yoyote fulani ya Kiswahili, bali hivyo ndivyo lilivyokuwa likiandikwa na Waswahili wa sehemu zote za Uswahilini. Ukitaka kulithibitisha hilo, tafuta maandishi ya zamani ya Kiswahili - kwa mfano, ya barua za watu binafsi au ya  nyaraka rasmi - zilizokuwa zikiandikwa kwa hati za Kiarabu. Baadhi ya hati hizo za Kiarabu zilifanyiwa  marakibisho na Waswahili wenyewe ili zilingane na sauti za maneno ya Kiswahili. (Miongoni mwa lugha  nyengine zilizoanza kuandikwa kwa kutumia hati za Kiarabu zilizorakibishwa na wenye asili na lugha hizo ili zilingane na matamshi ya lugha zao ni Kiurdu, (Pakistan ya leo), Kifursi (Iran ya leo), na Kihausa (Nigeria)). Natumai waelewa kwamba hati za Kiarabu ndizo zilizotumiwa na Waswahili kwa karne nyingi kuandikia lugha yao, kabla ya hizi hati za Kirumi (Kilatini) kutumiwa huku katika karne ya 19.

Hili neno "herufi", kama liandikwavyo katika hichi kiitwacho Kiswahili Sanifu, ni matokeo ya baadhi ya mabadiliko yaliyofanywa na hao Wazungu (wengi wao maafisa wa kikoloni) waliojipa madaraka ya kuiwekea  lugha hii kanuni za kisarufi na za kimaandishi, mara nyingi bila ya kuwahusisha au kuwataka shauri wenye lugha yao (au hata Mwafrika mwengine yoyote yule) kwa zaidi ya miaka kumi ya mwanzo.

Kutokana na urathi huo wa kikoloni wa kulazimishwa kuzifuata hizo kanuni, ambazo wenyeji hawakuwa na kauli au hiari nazo, ndipo  leo katika Kiswahili Sanifu kukawa kwaandikwa "herufi" badala ya "harufu".  Mifano mengine ya maneno waliyoyabadilisha jinsi
ya kuandikwa kwake ni    ilimu (elimu), hishima (heshima), hishimu (heshimu), hikima (hekima), tafauti (tofauti), sharia (sheria), hisabu (hesabu), sirikali (serikali), rakibisha (rekebisha), marakibisho (marekebisho), na mengi mengineyo. Na hivi leo atokeapo mtu akayaandika au akayatamka maneno kama hayo kama yalivyokuwa yakitamkwa na kuandikwa na wenyeji wenyewe, huonekana ni kitushi kikubwa, au amefanya madhambi makubwa!!

Najua kwamba, kwa sababu zao mbalimbali, si watumiaji wote wa Kiswahili hivi leo watakaokuwa tayari - hata kwa kufikiria tu -  kukubali kuyatamka au kuyaandika kama hivyo yalivyokuwa yakitamkwa na kuandikwa na wenyeji wa lugha hii, kabla ya mwaka 1930 kilipobuniwa Kiswahili Sanifu. Najua pia kwamba si rahisi kurudi tulikotoka, au kujikomboa kiakili na kuyang'oa yaliyokita mizizi katika mabongo ya baadhi yetu kuhusu hichi tukiitacho Kiswahili Sanifu.

Swali ambalo huwa najiuliza ni hili: Ikiwa tulipigania kuzikomboa nchi zetu kisiasa (ingawa bado hatujafaulu), na ikiwa twajitahidi tuzikomboe nchi zetu kiuchumi (ingawa bado hatujafanikiwa kuwa na mikakati madhubuti), basi kwa nini twaona uzito kukikomboa Kiswahili kutokana na baadhi ya minyororo ya kikoloni? Kama nilivyotangulia kueleza, haitawezekana kurudi tulikotoka - kwa sababu mbalimbali. Lakini naamini kuwa sote tukitumiao Kiswahili sasa twafaa kuanza kujadiliana kuhusu hii fikira ya kwamba ni lazima kuwa na aina moja tu ya Kiswahili Sanifu. Na hili litakuwa si bina kwa Kiswahili. Kwa mfano, hakuna aina moja ya Kiingereza Sanifu: Waingereza wana chao, Wamarekani wana chao, Waaustralia wana chao. Kwa nini, basi, tusikubaliane kuwa maneno "hishima", "ilimu",  "tafauti", na hayo mengineyo, ni Kiswahili Sanifu pia?

- Abdilatif Abdalla
Hamburg, Ujerumani
15 Aprili, 2021

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  BAINA YA "KUA" na "KUWA
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 11:13 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

BAINA YA "KUA" na "KUWA"

Assalaamu alaykum tena, Prof. Abdulaziz Lodhi.  Katika maoni yako uliyoniandikia kuhusu "wimbo" na "nyimbo" ulinieleza kwamba "...baadhi ya wasemaji wa jadi wa Kiswahili hawatafautishi baina ya vitenzi vya 'ku-kua' na 'ku-wa'. Badala ya kuandika k.m. 'Alikuwa amelala wanaandika 'Alikua amelala' ".

Kama tujuavyo, katika kanuni za uandishi za Kiswahili Sanifu, maneno haya mawili huendelezwa kwa namna mbili tafauti ili kutafautisha maana zake. Kwa hivyo, "kua" likawa na maana ya _grow_ na "kuwa" likawa na maana ya _to be_. Lakini wasanifishaji hao walioyawekea kanuni hiyo maneno hayo hapo mwaka 1930, hawakuifuata kanuni yao hiyo katika maneno mengine ili kutafautisha maana zake. Kwa mfano, katika Kiswahili Sanifu  kwaandikwa "ua" kwa maana ya _kill_, _flower_ na _fence_; au "jua" kwa maana ya _know_ na _sun_; au "pua" kwa maana ya _nose_ na aina ya madini ya chuma.

Lakini tukitizama jinsi maneno hayo (kwa maana zake zote) yalivyokuwa yakiandikwa na Waswahili wenyewe kwa harufu za Kiarabu, kabla ya Kiswahili kuandikwa kwa hizi harufu za Kilatini, tutaona yalikuwa yakiandikwa hivi: "kuwa" (كُوَ), "uwa" (اُوَ), "juwa" (جُوَ), na "puwa" (پُوَ). Kwa ufupi, maneno yote kama hayo yalikuwa yakimalizika kwa -*wa* (وَ) na hayakuwa yakimalizika kwa -*a* (اَ) pekee. Mtu aweza kuyaona haya akizitizama nyaraka za kale, au hata  za hivi karibuni, zilizoandikwa kwa harufu hizo.

Kuhusu hayo maneno mengine uliyoyataja yanavyoandikwa leo katika Kiswahili Sanifu, nakuletea haya maoni yangu hapa chini?niliyoyaandika zaidi ya mwaka mmoja unusu uliopita kulijibu swali nililoulizwa kwenye kikundi kimojawapo cha Kiswahili cha WhatsApp.

Wassalaamu alaykum.

-Abdilatif Abdalla,
2.1.2022,
London

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  MATUMIZI YA WIMBO NA NYOMBO
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 11:11 PM - Forum: Majadiliano ya Wadau wa Kiswahili - No Replies

Abdilatif Abdalla: Kwa ruhusa ya rafiki yangu, Prof. Abdulaziz Lodhi, hapa chini nawaletea maoni yake aliyoniandikia baada ya mimi kumpelekea yale maelezo yangu niliyoyaleta kwenye ukumbi wetu huu kuhusu matumizi ya maneno "wimbo" na "nyimbo." Natumai maoni yake hayo aliyoniandikia, pamoja na jawabu zangu, yatasaidia kuuendeleza mjadala huo.?

Abdilatif Abdalla: Ustaadh 'Atifu, Nakutakieni nyote Mwaka Mpya Mwema!

Shukran kwa maelezo yako ya kitaaluma kuhusu "wimbo/nyimbo" n.k..
Katika matumizi ya Kiswahili chetu cha Kijiweni (kilahaja cha Kimjini, cha Kiunguja Mjini) twasema k.m. "nyimbo nzuri moja yake" na "nyimbo nzuri mbili zake" (Nomino za Ngeli za 9/10. Hoyo ni Kifasaha. Ndivyo nimelelewa nacho Kiswahili cha kwetu. Na hata jamaa zetu wa Mwambao walikuwa wanasema hivyo.
Lakini skuli tulifundishwa "wimbo mzuri mmoja wake/nyimbo nzuri mbili zake"  n.k. (Nomino  za Ngeli za 11/10). Hiyo ni Kisanifu.
Pili, watu wengi, hata baadhi ya wasemaji wa jaddi wa Kiswahili, hawatafautishi baina ya vitenzi vya "ku-kua" na "Ku-wa". Badala ya kuandika k.m.  "Alikuwa amelala."  wanaandika "Alikua amelala."
Yako na makosa mengineyo (kama "rekebisha" badala ya  "rakibisha" na "hutuba" badala ya "hutuba" ambayo nitayaeleza kesho au kesho kutwa.
Wasalaam!
Abdulaziz Lodhi
Uppsala, Uswidi.

Abdilatif Abdalla: Assalaamu alaykum. Ahsanta (ahsante) sana, Prof. Abdulaziz Lodhi, kwa salamu za mwaka mpya wa 2022. Allah Aujaaliye uwe na kheri nasi kuliko ulivyokuwa mwaka uliopita.

Nimefurahi mno kupata maoni yako kuhusu niliyoyaandika jana. Hii ni hishima kubwa kwangu: kwamba uliziweka kando  shughuli zako muhimu
na kuniandikia. Nakushukuru mno.

Nakubaliana nawe kwamba wako wasemao "nyimbo" kwa hali ya umoja na kwa wingi pia - kama nilivyoeleza katika hayo maoni yangu ya jana. Na nakubaliana nawe pia kwamba wako hata baadhi ya "jamaa zetu wa Mwambao" walitumiao neno hilo hivyo. Bali kwa jinsi idadi ya walitumiao neno "nyimbo" kwa umoja na kwa wingi inavyoongezeka sana, huenda baada ya miaka michache hilo "wimbo" likapotea kabisa! Hata hivyo, kwa hivi sasa hatufai kulinyima haki yake, maadamu wako walitumiao - wangawa wachache.

Naona kama nakukosea adabu (na nakuomba uniwie radhi) nisemapo kwamba, kama  ujuavyo, kuna tafauti za matumizi, matamshi na  maana, za baadhi ya maneno hayo hayo ya Kiswahili  fasaha - hata miongoni mwa "jamaa zetu wa Mwambao". Kwa vile wewe ni msomi wa miaka mingi mno na ni mwanataaluma mbobezi wa isimu na lugha ya Kiswahili(kinyume na mimi ambaye si mwanataaluma wala si msomi, bali nimeokotezaokoteza kichache tu barabarani) huhitaji kuelezwa nami tafauti hizo. Lakini kwa madhumuni ya kujirahisishia mimi mwenyewe haya maelezo yangu, kwa mifano michache ya haraka haraka, kuna "jamaa zetu wa Mwambao" ambao katika Kiswahili chao fasaha husema nipa, amkua (ambalo kwa wengine "amkua" lina maana ya ita); inua, ufuo, embe hili, (maembe haya); ilhali wengine wa Mwambao husema nipe, amkia, nyanyua (neno ambalo kwa hao wa mwanzo  lina maana ya kuchana au kurarua), ufukwe au ufuko (neno ambalo kwa hao wa mwanzo lina maana ya sehemu inayochimbwa ndani ya nyumba, chini ya kitanda cha kuoshea maiti, ili maji anayooshewa maiti yaingie humo); na embe hii (embe hizi).

Kwa hivyo, hilo neno "nyimbo" kutumiwa na baadhi ya watu kwa umoja na kwa wingi pia, laweza kutiwa kwenye mkumbo wa  tafauti kama hizo za Kiswahili fasaha kitumiwacho na "jamaa zetu wa  Mwambao".

Umenieleza katika hayo maoni yako kwamba neno "wimbo" kuwa ni umoja wa "nyimbo" ulifundishwa skuli; kwa hivyo, kwa maoni yako, ni athari ya Kiswahili Sanifu. Mimi nami tangu nilipokuwa mtoto mdogo nilikuwa nikilisikia  neno "wimbo" likitumiwa nyumbani kwetu na wazazi na wazee wangu wengine, kuwa ni umoja wa "nyimbo. Na wao  hawakupata kusoma  skuli. Kwa hivyo, hawakuwa wakilitumia hivyo kutokana na athari za skuli au Kiswahili Sanifu. Hata ile misemo miwili niliyolitolea ushahidi neno "wimbo" (yaani "Wimbo hutokea ngomani" na "Wimbo muwi hauongolewi mwana") ni misemo ya kale sana ya Kiswahili, ambayo ikitumika kabla ya kubuniwa hicho Kiswahili Sanifu mwaka 1930.

Kwa mara nyengine tena, nakushukuru sana ndugu yangu kwa kuniandikia na kunipa maoni yako.
Wassalaamu alaykum.

-Abdilatif Abdalla,
2.1.2022,
London

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  SHAIRI : SHETANI KATAJA JINA
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 04:54 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

Taireni wa viremba, wa hati na wa tunguli
Taireni nawaomba, mshike njia ya kweli
Msimchezeshe rumba, wala kumuweka mbali
Kutii amekubali, jina ametoa amba
Alivyojiona mwamba, kwa kutunisha misuli
Hali imeshamuwamba, hana lile wala hili
Atembea akiyumba, hana tena muhimili
Kutii amekubali, mtoeni hilo vumba

Chomboche juu ya mwamba, amevunja foromali
Tambo zote alotamba, na kujitia wakili
Maharage tano tumba, hulia kilo ugali
Kutii amekubali, atashika yenu kamba

Kule kujikombakomba, ulikuwa ujahili
Chungu ameshairamba, haya muavyeni seli
Mimi kaniita chemba, kaomba niseme hili
Kutii amekubali, msimchane msamba

Mtieni kwenye dimba, naomba mumsajili
Kesha maji ya uvumba, umwagiwe wake mwili
Kumuondoa magamba, asingwe kwa msandali
Kutii amekubali, mpokeeni wajomba

Mtunzi mwana wa Simba, jina Mbaruku Ali
Nimeamua kuamba, ndugu amaliza soli
Kuweni naye sambamba, twaeni yake kauli
Kutii amekubali, na msamaha kaomba

MBARUKU ALLY
MOTO WENU
0717199835
19:44
26/01/2018
Nikiwa Dodoma
Mzaliwa Moa Tanga

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  SHAIRI : YAZAMISHE BAHARINI MAKOSA YA MKE WAKO
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 04:47 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

Kwa mapana nakusifu
hakika metakasika
mola wangu mtukufu
Wa majini malaika
Fadhila zako kunjufu
kila pahala zafika


Kwa baba wa familia
Zifike zangu salamu
Kwenye maisha ya ndoa
Changamoto na matamu
Mkeo anakosea
Hakuumbwa maasumu


yazamishe baharini
Makosa ya mke wako
Ishi nae kwa makini
Huyo ni ubavu wako
simjeruhi usoni
Kumpiga iwe mwiko


Ni bahari ya mapenzi
yenye maji kila kona
Makosa ya kipuuzi
Jifanye hujayaona
Mpe bora ya malezi
Ajisikie mwanana


Usijitie ujeshi
Ati wampa adabu
Na makosa hayaishi
Kuwa mume si sababu
Ukiwa kwao mcheshi
Kwako mwanaume gubu


Madhali sio haramu
Vikosa vya kawaida
Mpe maneno matamu
Azidi pata faida
Maneno haya fahamu
Hukumuoa kwa shida


Ebwane mke hapigwi
kwa bakora za mitini
Anapigwa kwa mahaba
Yalozama baharini
Mzamishe habahaba
Hadi aloe mwilini


Ukihisi Anajuta
Kwa alichokufanyia
Mpe mabusu matata
Huku Ukimsifia
Mwambie”kwako nadata”
“Wala hujanikosea”


Mletee vizawadi
nyumbani ukirejea
Kuwa mume maridadi
Epuka kumkemea
Atakupenda zaidi
Haya Ukizingatia


Akikosea kupika
Tena isiwe kasheshe
jitahidi kuridhika
Chakula chake ukishe
Maneno haya hakika
Jaribu uhakikishe


Mkeo akikuudhi
Usivunje wake utu
utajitia maradhi
kukosoa kila kitu
Onyesha umemridhi
kununa usithubutu


Akiichupa mipaka
Ya haramu kuyafanya
Hapo hapana mashaka
Ni lazima kumuonya
Katu sifanye dhihaka
Ni wajibu kumkanya


Akikudai talaka
Nakusihi simjibu
Ni hasira kwa hakika
zitapoa taratibu
Ukipaniki haraka
ataenda pata tabu


Ataolewa na nani?
Ukishamuacha wewe?
Aolewe na muhuni?
atajijua mwenyewe?
Na weye taoa jini?
Hakosei kama wewe?


Ukingoni nimegota
Naomba kuwasilisha
Kwa pale nilipopata
Mola kaniwafikisha
Yarabi tupe thabata
Na ndoa kuzidumisha…



Mtunzi:
Al akh Abuu hafsa

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  SHAIRI : AKIMBIA PAFIWAKO ENDA WALIWAKO NYAMA
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 04:30 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

Nimeshamsabiliya, sina nongwa wala ngowa
‘Ngawa ‘mepoteya njiya, kisha kujitia dowa
Huruma namuoneya, heshimaye kujivuwa
Nguo ameshajivuwa, kacheza pata poteya
Nguo ameshajivuwa, kacheza pata poteya
Rabbi haya wayajuwa, ingawa nakuambiya
Mola utakalo huwa, basi nami nitendeya
Kakimbiya pafiwako, na alipoelekea

Akimbiya pafiwako, na alipoelekeya
Ndipo nyama waliwako, baada ya kujifiya
Na aselelee huko, asijepo nirudiya
Kwa aliyonitendeya, kiliyo changu ki kwako

Kwa aliyonitendeya, kiliyo changu ki kwako
Rabbi mdhihirishiya, yote yaliyoko huko
Apate kujioneya, nami nipate kicheko
Mola yafanye mapema, kabula yangu mauko
Mola yafanye mapema, kabula yangu mauko

Ujue umma mzima, wote wa hapa tuliko
Ili nibaki salama, niondoe sikitiko
Mwisho wa langu andiko, Mbaruku nasimama

MBARUKU ALLY
MOTO WENU
0717199835
Mzaliwa Moa Tanga

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  SHAIRI : SILIPIZI
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 02:39 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

SILIPIZI
Nduu nakujuza, umaizi
Ngoma unocheza, ipo wazi
‘Ngawa nayaweza, silipizi


Wapita tangaza, kwa majazi
Hujaniangaza, mpuuzi
Mnipa mwangaza, ni Mwenyezi


Yananiumiza, maenezi
Kesha yaniliza, sinyamazi
Nilinde Muweza, sijiwezi


Nyuma kugeuza, siyo kazi
Ela najikaza, sigeuzi
Unajipoteza, m’bazazi


Hapa nasooza, siongezi
Ninakueleza, wazi wazi
Yako kulipiza, si tatizi


MBARUKU ALLY
MOTO WENU
0717199835

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  SHAIRI : KUAMBIANA
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 02:07 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

?SHAIRI : KUAMBIANA?

Panga lilokata shina, kukata tawi katiti
Usivimbe na kutuna, kwa kuwekwa juu ya mti
Mpanga yote Rabana, usinajisi bahati
Waziviza zako hati, kulumba yaso maana


Kiburi si maungwana, hapa nazikaza nati
Nasema niloyaona, sisemi ya hatihati
Aliye hai mchana, usiku ndiye maiti
Nanena nao umati, nami mumo pasi kona


Vikombe vinagongana, viwapo kwenye kabati
Nakuambiya bayana, na vi tele vizibiti
Lililo m’bwaga jana, mgema ni lile kuti
Ola chako kizingiti, na mazoea achana


Pokea yangu semina, usinilipe senti
Ni ada kukumbushana, katika hizi nyakati
Nataka tujezikana, sisi wa moja baiti
Endeleza harakati, ulitunze lako jina


Kwa kheri ya kuonana, naivua helmeti
Tambua utu hazina, na matendo hasanati
Na changi kuchangizana, njoo tukutane kati
Usinipige manati, siyo vyema kugombana


MBARUKU ALLY
MOTO WENU
0717199835

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  SHAIRI : SINENI
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 01:50 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

Sineni mwana kunena,sitamki nilonayo.
Ndani yalo fichamana,moyo yaniunguzayo.
sitoyaweka bayana,mazito yanisibuyo.
Sineni katu sineni,siwi kama wanenao.
ngaumwa ndani kwa ndani,simanzi kila uchao.
tasalia subirani,hadi siku ya pumbao.

Sineni na sisubutu,daima sisimulii.
sibainishi kwa watu,kwa vyovyote siwambii.
kwao sitaraji kitu,bora kunyamaza zii.

Sineni nineneeni,matozi yanimwagike.
nijitie mawazoni,bilashi nihuzunike.
ninganena ifaeni,jeraha litonesheke.

Sineni hapa ni mwisho,sitokwenda mbali mno.
sitowatwika uchosho,nikazua minong’ono.
sitowatoa na jasho,zinatosha beti tano.

KIBWAGIZO.
siyaweki hadharani,tasubiri mwisho wake.
SARAI MAULIDI

MOMBASA,KENYA.

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  SHAIRI : BARUA KWA MBARUKU ALLY
Posted by: MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 01:30 PM - Forum: Ushairi - No Replies

SHAIRI : BARUA KWA MBARUKU ALLY
Hakusimama njiani,tarishi ulo mtuma.
ajile hadi nyumbani,na kutekeleza dhima.
ujumbewo mkononi.akanipa kwa heshima.

Usemayo ni yakini,na wala sitolalama.
naona haya usoni,ndiposa nnaungama.
kweli niko lawamani,nduguyo nimekuhama.

Nakiri nimakosani,nilokutenda si vyema.
viumbe sote ni duni,tu dhaifu wanadama.
nakuomba samahani,radhizo sijeninyima.

nisikiza kwa makini,ewe wangu muadhama.
udugu kwetu nishani,alituvika karima.
utele mwangu moyoni,hadi siku ya kiyama.

Kuchwa kucha nimbioni,sikai nihima hima.
mkono wende kinywani,tushibe tuwe wazima.
mwenzio nijukumuni,kulea baba na mama.

Nilipo sina amani,sipati na kuterema.
kwa majonzi fuadini,na hamu imenivama.
tukitiana matoni,tapoa wangu mtima.

Nakhitimisha uneni,nimefikiya khatima.
yatosha nilobaini,Sarai hapa nakoma.
wasalimie nyumbani kifika Darisalama.


SARAI MAULID.
MOMBASA,KENYA

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