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TAALUMA YA ISIMU

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TAALUMA YA ISIMU
#1
  MUKHTASARI WA DHANA YA TAALUMA YA ISIMU
Wanaisimu wengi wamejaribu kufasili dhana ya isimu .kwa mfano  , Richards et al (1985) anasema kuwa :

Isimu ni mtalaa ambao huchunguza lugha kama mfumo wa mawasiliano ya mwanaadam (TY)
Hartman (1972) naye anasema:
Isimu ni eneo maalum la mtalaa ambalo lengo lake huwa ni kuchunguza lugha .Wanaisimu huzichunguza lugha zikiwa ni nyenzo muhimu za mawasiliano ya mwanaadamu. (TY).
Verma et al (1989)wanasema kuwa isimu ni sayansi kwa sababu hufuata mbinu za kimsingi za utafiti wa kisayansi.Mbinu hizi huhusisha sifa zifuatazo.
1. Uchunguzi uliodhibitiwa
2. Uundaji wa haipothesia
3. Uchanganuzi
4. Ujumlishi
5.Utabiri
6.Majaribio na uthibitishaji
7. urekebishaji au ukataaji wa haipothesia
Hii ni kusema kuwa isimu haichunguzi lugha kiholela bali kwa uratibu na mwelekeo maalumu.katika kuchunguza lugha ,wanaisimu hutumia misingi ya kisayansi kama zifanyavyo sayansi zingine.
TUKI (1990)  wanasema kwa ufupi kabisa sana
Isimu ni sayansi ya lugha.
MATAWI YA SAYANSI
Isimu historia
Isimu fafanuzi
Isimu linganishi
isimu jamii
isimu tumizi
isimu nafsia.
USAYANSI WA ISIMU
Utoshelevu wa kiuteuzi
Utoshelevu wa kiuchunguzi
utoshelevu wa kiufafanuzi
Uchechevu
Uwazi
MISINGI YA USAYANSI WA ISIMU
Uwazi
Utaratibu
Urazini
MAREJEO
Mgullu,R.S. (1999) Mtalaa wa Isimu Fonetiki,Fonolojia na Mofonolojia ya Kiswahili.Longhorn    PublishersBig Grinar es salaam,Tanzania.
Habwe,J. na wenzake (2004) Misingi ya sarufi ya kiswahiliPhoenix Publishers :Nairobi,Kenya.
Mwl Maeda
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