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VITENDAWILI
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VITENDAWILI
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Vitendawili ni tungo fupi ambazo huwa na swali fupi lisilo wazi na jibu kwa makusudi ya kupima ufahamu wa hadhira kuhusu mazingira yake. Anayetoa kitendawili huulizia swali lake kwa kutoa maelezo mafupi yanayorejelea umbo la kitu hicho, sauti, harufu au kukifananisha na kitu kingine. Anayejibu huhitajika kufikiria haraka na kutoa jawabu ambalo huwa la neno moja au maneno mawili hivi. Vitendawili huwa na mianzo maalum kulingana na jamii yake.
Sifa za Vitendawili
Vitendawili huwa na mwanzo maalum : Kitendawili "tega"
Hupitishwa baina ya watu wawili anayetega na anayetegua
Vitendawili huwa na muundo maalum wa kuendelezwa (utangulizi, swali, (majaribio ya) jibu; wanaotegua wakishindwa anayetega huwa ameshinda, huitisha apewe mji/zawadi na kisha kutoa jibu)
Huwa na vipande viwili “ swali na jibu. Mfano: Kila niendapo ananifuata “ kivuli.
Hutumia mbinu ya jazanda, kufananisha vitu viwili moja kwa moja. K.v. Nyumba yangu haina mlango “ yai (yai limelinganishwa moja kwa moja na nyumba isiyo mlango)
Hurejelea vitu vinavyopatikana katika mazingira na vinavyojulikana sana
Vitendawili vilitegwa wakati maalum, hasa wa jioni
Vitendawili hutumia tamathali za usemi (mbinu za lugha) kama istiara, tashihisi, tashbihi, jazanda, chuku, tanakali za sauti, n.k
Vitendawili huwa na jibu maalum.
Aina za Vitendawili
a) Vitendawili sahili
ni vifupi na huwa na na muundo mwepesi kueleweka. K.v.
b) Vitendawili mkufu
huwa na vipande vinavyofuatana na kila kipande huwa na uhusiano na kipande kilichotangulia. Mfano “ nikisimama anasimama, nikiketi anaketi, nikiondoka huondoka pia
c) Vitendawili vya tanakali
hutumia tanakali za sauti Mfano: Prrrrrrh mpaka ng'ambo “ buibui; huku ng'o na kule ng'o.
d) Vitendawili sambamba
huwa na maelezo marefu (kama hadithi fupi) halafu jibu lake huwa ni refu pia (kama mafumbo)
Umuhimu wa vitendawili
Vitendawili huburudisha kwani hutegwa kwa njia ya uchangamfu na ushindani.
Huwaleta watu pamoja (huunganisha jamii) kwani vinapotegwa watu hukusanyika pamoja.
Vitendawili huhamasisha watu kuhusu mazingira yao kwani hulenga vitu vinavyopatikana katika jamii hiyo.
Vitendawili hukuza uwezo wa kufikiria/kukumbuka kwani anayetoa jibu huhitajika kukumbuka jibu la kitendawili.
Vitendawili hukuza na kuhifadhi tamaduni kwa maana hupokezanwa kutoka kizazi hadi kizazi.
Vilitumika kupitisha wakati na kuwafanya watoto wasilale mapema kabla ya chakula kuwa tayari.
Mwl Maeda
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