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HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO ' HAYAWANI'

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HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO ' HAYAWANI'
#1
HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO ' HAYAWANI'.

Neno Hayawani (wingi: mahayawani) katika lugha ya Kiswahili, ni nomino yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Mnyama wa porini, mnyama yeyote yule.

2. Mtu mwenye tabia za kinyama, mtu anayefananishwa na mnyama, aghalabu mtu asiye na aibu.

3. Mwehu, kichaa, mwendawazimu au chizi.

4. Shetani.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili (hayawani) lina maana zifuatazo:

1. Kila kiumbe hai kinachosema na kisichosema.

2. Kiumbe hai kinachojipambanua kwa kuwa na uhai, hisia na harakati. Kwa mfano "mwanadamu" huitwa *"hayawanun naatwiq حيوان ناطق yaani mnyama anayeongea"*

3. Uhai (maisha) kama  ilivyondikwa katika Qur'aan Tukufu Sura ya 29 (Surat Al-Ankabuut), Aya ya 64 kuwa: WAINNAD DAARAL AAAKHIRATA LAHIYAL HAYAWAANU وان الدار الآخرة لهي الحيوان ( *Na hakika nyuma ya Akhera ni nyumba ya maisha/uhai (wa milele* )).Hapa "hayawaanun" imekuja kama "maisha".

Kwahiyo,utakuja kuona kuwa, neno hili "hayawani" lilipoingia katika lugha ya Kiswahili limeongezewa maana ambazo hazimo katika ile lugha yake ya asili - Kiarabu kama vile:

1. Mwehu, kichaa, mwendawazimu, na chizi.

2. Shetani.

Ama neno hili la neno 'hayawani' kutumika kwa maana ya 'mtu mwenye tabia za kinyama au mtu anayefananishwa na mnyama yaani aghalabu mtu asiye na "aibu", Waarabu hawalitumii neno hili kwa maana ya moja kwa moja bali hutumika kama *tashbihi baligh* (kutumia tashbihi bila kiunganishi 'kama' - chombo cha kushabihisha) ukasema:

"Fulani ni mnyama" badala ya kusema: "Fulani ni kama mnyama."

Faida :
Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, tashbihi yaani katika Taaluma ya Bayaani- Rhetoric (Utanzu wa Balagha - The Art of Eloquence) ina nguzo nne:
1. Mushabbahun- kinachofananishwa.
2. Mushabbahun Bihi- kinachofananishiwa.
3. Adaatut Tashbiihi- chombo cha kufananisha.
4. Wajhu Al-Shabahi- sura ya mfanano.

Kwahiyo naposema: 'Jemedari wetu ni kama simba' basi:

1. Jemedari ni Mushabbahun.

2. Simba ni Mushabbahun Bihi.

3. Kama ni Adaatut Tashbiihi.

4. Wajhu Al-Shabahi (sura ya mfanano) inaweza kuwa ushujaa, ukali na nyinginezo miongoni mwa sifa bainifu za simba.

Shukran sana.

Khamis S.M. Mataka.
Mwl Maeda
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