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VITENDAWILI VYA KISWAHILI

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VITENDAWILI VYA KISWAHILI
#1
1. Aamkapo mtu hakosi kusema hivi: yuaa! – Kupiga
miayo.
      Ni kawaida kwenda miayo baada ya kuamka.
      2. Abeba mishale kila aendako – Nungunungu
au hata Kalunguyeye.
  m.s. Kalunguyeye ni mnyama mdogo mwenye ngozi yenye miiba kama ya nungunungu. Nungunungu ni mnyama mkubwa mwenye mishale mingi mwilini      anayoitumia kujihami au kujilinda na adui zake. Hawa ni wanyama wenye ngozi yenye miiba.
      3. Abiria wote wamelipa ila hawa weusi – Nzi.
     Huwa hawakosekani popote pawapo na watu hata magarini.
      4. Adona wala hamezi – Mashine ya kupigia chapa.
    m.s. Kudona ni kupiga kitu kigumu au kugotagota. Kwa mfano, kuku hudona nafaka   zikitupwa chini. Mashine ya kupigia chapa hutoa sauti ya kugonga kama ya kuku kutokana na mpigo wa vidole vya mpiga mashine.
    5. Adui hatari; sote tumemzingira lakini hatuwezi kumshika – Moto na  wanaouota.
      m.s. Zingira  ni zunguka.
Sote tunaielewa hatari ya kuipeleka mikono karibu na moto. Ukijaribu kuushika moto utachomeka.
     6. Adui mpenzi –
Moto Moto huwa na manufaa makubwa ingawa unaweza kuleta maangamizo makubwa.
     7. Adui wa wengi lakini humwepuki popote uendapo – Nzi.
Nzi huwaletea madhara binadamu kwa kuyasambaza magonjwa na huwa kila mahali. Adui lakini popote uendapo yuko nawe.
     8. Adui yangu haniwahi –Handaki.
m.s. Handaki ni namna ya mfereji au shimo kubwa refu linalochimbwa kwa madhumuni ya kujilinda wakati wa vita. Askari hutumia handaki wakati wa vita kujifichia na huwa sio rahisi kuonekana walipo.
     9. Aenda mbio ingawa hana miguu – Nyoka.
Nyoka ana uwezo wa kutambaa au kujiburuza kwa wepesi wa ajabu.
     10.  Afahamu sana kuchora lakini hajui akichoracho – Konokono.
m.s. Konokono ni kiumbe mdogo anayetambaa na kuteleza na ambaye huacha athari ya utelezi wake kila apitapo.
     11. Afuma hana mshale  – Nungunungu.
m.s. Fuma ni kushambulia kwa kitu chenye ncha kama mkuki au mfumo. Nungunungu humshambulia adui kwa miiba yake ya mwilini.
    12.  Ajenga ingawa hana mikono – Ndege.
Kwa kawaida ndege hujenga kiota chake kwa kutumia mdomo wake.
    13.  Ajifunua na kujifunika –
Mwamvuli/ mwavuli
m.s. Mwamvuli ni fimbo iliyofungwa kitambaa kinachoweza kukunjwa na kukunjuliwa wakati wa jua au mvua. Sifa hii ya mwamvuli inaeleweka kwa urahisi.
    14. Akamatwapo mkiani hutii amri – Kata.
m.s. Kata ni neno lenye maana nyingi. Hapa lina maana ya chombo cha kuchotea maji na ambacho hutokana na kibuyu. Aghalabu watu hushika kata sehemu nyembamba iliyojitokeza kaza mkia.
      15. Akifa anajizomea – Kifuu.
m.s. Kifuu ni ganda tupu la nazi baada ya kukunwa. Ukiangalia kifuu kinachowaka moto utakiona au kukisikia kikitoa sauti ya mvumo wa moto wakati wa kumalizika.
      16. Akikaa hafi wala akilala hafi – Jiwe.
        Jiwe  halina uhai kama tujuavyo.
      17. Akikosekana maana inakosekana – Kamusi.
m.s. Kamusi ni
kitabu kinachohifadhi maneno yanayopatikana katika lugha fulani pamoja na maana
zake. Kamusi hutusaidia kuzijua maana mbalimbali za maneno.
      18. Akikuandama hupendwi – Ukoma
m.s. Ukoma ni ugonjwa mbaya wa mabatobato na ambao huharibu na kukata viungo vya mwili. Unaambukizwa na mtu mwenye ugonjwa huu huepukwa na wengine.
     19. Akila yeye na mimi hushiba – Mtoto
awapo tumboni.
Mtoto awapo katika tumbo la mama yake hupata chakula kutoka kwa mama yake.
     20. Akinishika tu, ninazaa – Bomba/mfereji.
m.s. Bomba ni chuma chenye uwazi ndani ambacho hupitisha maji. Bomba la maji linapofunguliwa maji hutoka kwa wingi.
     21. Akinyamaza hawezi kuongea tena – Maiti.
         m.s. Maiti ni mtu aliyekufa. Pia mfu au kimba. Mtu akifa huwa hawezi kusema tena.  Wengine husema hivi: Akinyamaza hawezi kusema tena.
    
     22. Akiona mwangaza wa jua yuafa – Samaki.
Samaki amezoea na anaweza kuishi majini tu, akitolewa nje ya maji hufa.
       23.Akiondoka hawezi kurudi –  Jani la mti.
Jani la mti likianguka haliwezi kurudi tena mtini. Huo huwa ndio mwisho wake.
      24. Akiongea kila mtu hubabaika – Radi.
m.s. Radi ni sauti kubwa inayotoka au kusikika mawinguni wakati wa mvua. Aghalabu radi inapopiga watu wengi hujiwa na hofu kubwa.
      25. Akishazaa yeye hufariki – Kinyonga.
   m.s. Kinyonga ni kiumbe mdogo wa jamii ya mjusi ambaye ana uwezo wa kubadili  rangi ya ngozi yake kupatana na mazingira yake. Inasadikika kuwa wakati wa kuzaa hupasuka watoto wakatoka na huwa ndio mwisho wake.
      26.  Akitambaa huringa hata akiwa hatarini – Jongoo.
m.s. Jongoo ni mdudu mdogo mweuzi mwenye miguu mingi. Hutambaa kwa mbwembwe na anapoguswa hujigeuzageuza au kujikunja.
  27. Akitoa sauti yake wote hutafuta pa kujificha – Mauti/kifo/radi.
Hamna kiumbe asiyetishwa na kifo. Vivyo hivyo radi nayo huwaogofya watu wengi.
     28.  Akitoka mkewe na watoto hulala – Jua.
Jua litokapo mwezi na nyota hazionekani; nyota na mwezi huonekana usiku wakati jua halipo. Katika mtazamo wa jamiinyingi, jua hulinganishwa na mwanamume na mwezi ni mwanamke na nyota ni watoto.
      29.  Akitokea watu wote humwona – Jua.
Jua linapotokeza huangaza dunia nzima kwa hiyo huonekana na takribban kila mtu.
    30.  Akitokea watu wote hunung’unika na kuwa na huzuni  – Ugonjwa.
m.s. Huzuni ni masikitiko au ukosefu wa furaha. Hamna anayependa ugonjwa kwa kuwa unaweza kuleta kifo.
     31.  Akivaa miwani hafanyi kazi vizuri – Mlevi.
m.s. Vaa miwani ni nahau yenye maana ya kulewa. Mlevi huwa hawezi kutegemewa kufanya lolote vizuri.

32. Akivaa nguo hapendezi akiwa uchi anapendeza – Mgomba
m.s. Mgomba ni mmea unaozaa ndizi. Mgomba hupendeza baada ya majani makavu kuondolewa.
       33.   Akopa na halipi – Kaburi.
m.s. Kaburi ni shimo anamolazwa maiti. Mtu akizikwa kaburini hawezi kurudi duniani.
    34. Alia pasipo kupigwa –  Mgonjwa wa macho.
Aghalabu mtu mwenye ugonjwa wa macho hutokwa na machozi mno.
      35. Alianika mpunga wake alipoamka haupo – Nyota.
m.s. Mpunga ni mmea unaozaa mashuke ambayo hukobolewa na kutoa mchele. Nyota huenea mbinguni usiku lakini ifikapo Asubuhi tu hutoweka; hazionekani tena kutokana na mwangaza wa jua.
      36. Akienda kwa mjomba harudi –  Jani la mti.
m.s. Mjomba ni ndugu wa kiume wa mama.
     37. Alimsimamisha jumbe njiani – Chawa.
m.s. Chawa ni mdudu mdogo anayeishi mwilini mwa binadamu hasa kutokana na uchafu wa mwili na mavazi. Chawa anapomuuma mtu huwa hawezi kutumia hadi ampate alipo.
    38. Alinipa ngozi nikaipika, akanipa nyama nikaila akanipa mchuzi nikaunywa –
Nazi.
Vifuu vya nazi aghalabu huchomwa moto na watu huila nyama ya ndani ya nazi na kunywa tui lake (mchuzi wake). Nyama ya ndani hutumiwa pia katika mapishi.
     39.  Alipita mtu mwenye kibandiko cha nguo – Nzi.
Nzi wanapotua juu ya nguo huonekana kwa mbali kama kibandiko.
    40. Alipita mtu na bunda la mishale –  Mkindu.
m.s. Mkindu ni mti unaozaa (kindu) majani ambayo hutumiwa kusukia kili; huwa ni marefu na membamba kama mishale. Bunda ni mkusanyiko wa vitu pamoja au furushi.
      41.   Aliwa, yuala; ala aliwa –  Papa.
m.s. Papa ni samaki mkubwa wa baharini anayeweza kula hata watu. Samaki huyu huwala samaki wengine naye huliwa na binadamu.
     42. Aliyechuma hakula, aliyekula hakumeza, aliyemeza hakushiba –
Mkono,  kinywa na Koo.
Mtu huchuma kwa mkono na kula kwa kinywa kisha kumeza kwa koo.
    43.  Aliyefuatwa amefika, aliyemfuata hajafika – Nazi na mkwezi.
m.s. Mkwezi ni mtu nayepanda na kuangua nazi. Nazi huanguka na kumtangulia mkwezi ambaye atashuka baadaye.
     44. Ana meno lakini hayaumi –  Kitana/Chanuo.
m.s. Kitana au chanuo ni kifaa chenye meno mengi kinachotumiwa kuchania nywele. Kitana huwa na njiti zilizopangana kama meno.
     45. Anaoga kila wakati lakini hatakati –  Chura.
Huyu ni kiumbe ambaye huishi majini; hata hivyo ngozi ya mwili wake huonekana chafu.
    46. Anaota moto kwa mgongo –  Chungu.
Chungu kinapowekwa motoni huchomwa upande wa nje ambao unalinganishwa na mgongo.
     47. Askari tele mzungu katikati –  Meno na ulimi.
Meno huwa yanauzunguka ulimi ambao kutokana na rangi yake unafananishwa na mzungu.
    48.  Baba kanipa sanduku bila funguo – Tumbo.
Binadamu hana uwezo wa kulizuia tumbo lisitamani chakula au kuzuia tumbo lisitoe chakula kilichomo.
      49. Baniani mweupe katupwa jaani –  Machicha ya nazi.
m.s. Baniani ni mhindi wa jamii ya Kihindu aghalabu myanyabiashara. Machicha ni mabaki au masazo. Masazo haya hutupwa baada ya kukamuliwa.
     50.  Hunioni lakini nakupikia – Gesi
m.s. Gesi ni aina ya hewa isiyogeuka na kuwa majimaji katika joto la kawaida ambayo huwaka na hutumiwa kuwashia moto. Gesi ni kama upepo, haiwezi kuonekana. Tunachoweza kufanya ni kuinusa harufu yake na kuona moto unaotokana nayo.
Mwl Maeda
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