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ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO ' ADHABU' NA 'UKUBA'

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ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO ' ADHABU' NA 'UKUBA'
#1
HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO ' ADHABU' NA 'UKUBA'

Neno adhabu [ Ngeli: i-/zi-] katika lugha ya Kiswahili lina maana zifuatazo:

1. Nomino: Malipizo yanayoendana na mateso na tabu au gharama anazofanyiwa au kutozwa  mtu kwa kwenda kinyume na sheria, taratibu, miiko au kanuni zilizowekwa.

2. Nomino: Mateso anayopewa mtu kama njia ya kumrudi kwa kosa alilofanya.

Kuna methali: Adhabu ya kaburi, aijuaye maiti.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu,  neno hili adhabu (soma: adhaabun/adhaaban/adhaabin عذاب ) ni nomino yenye maana yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Malipizo yenye tabu na mateso.

2. Kila lenye kuumiza moyo wa mtu.

3. Kila jambo gumu na zito linalomkabili mtu.

Kuna kauli ya Mtume Muhammad (Allaah Amrehemu na Ampe amani) isemaye: Safari ni sehemu ya adhabu. (السفر قطعة من العذاب).

Neno ukuba [ Ngeli: u-/u-] katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni nomino yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Hali ya kutokea jambo baya linaloweza kusababisha madhara; baa.

2. Harufu nzito, mbaya na inayokera.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili ukuba (soma: uquubatun/uquubatan/uquubatin عقوبة ) lina maana zifuatazo:

1. Nomino: Tendo - jina ( masw-dar مصدر) linalotokana na kitenzi cha aaqaba عاقب (ameadhibu). 

2. Nomino : Kumlipa mtu kwa kumfanyia ubaya; kisasi.

3. Adhabu apewayo mtu kwa kuvunja sheria

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa wakati neno adhabu (soma: adhaabun/adhaaban/adhaabin عذاب) lilipoingia katika lugha ya Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno adhabu maana yake ya msingi katika Kiarabu haikubadilika, neno ukuba (soma: uquubatun/uquubatan/uquubatin عقوبة) lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno ukuba lilibeba maana mpya iliyo mbali na maana yake katika lugha yake ya asili - Kiarabu.

Shukran sana.

Khamis S.M. Mataka.
Mwl Maeda
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