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MADAI YA WANAMAPOKEO NA WANAMAPINDUZI KUHUSU USHAIRI WA KISWAHILI

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MADAI YA WANAMAPOKEO NA WANAMAPINDUZI KUHUSU USHAIRI WA KISWAHILI
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MADAI YA WANAMAPOKEO NA WANAMAPINDUZI KUHUSU USHAIRI WA KISWAHILI
Dai la msingi la wanamapokeo (wanajadi) ni kuwa urari wa vina na mizani ni roho na uti wa mgongo wa shairi la Kiswahili.Wengi wa wanamapokeo hawakiri kuwa kinachotungwa na wanamapinduzi ni mashairi. Wanauchukulia ushairi wa kisasa kuwa si ushairi bali ni insha au nathari tu. Kwa upande wa wale wachache wanaokiri kuwa ni ushairi, wanauona kuwa ni ushairi usio bora na ushairi wa kigeni.Wanauchukulia kuwa ni ushairi uliotokana na kuiga ushairi wa Kiingereza. Aidha, wanawachukulia wanamapinduzi (wanausasa/ wanamamboleo) kuwa ni watu walioshindwa kutunga mashairi ilhali wanatamani kuwa watunzi wa mashairi. Matokeo yake ni kutunga vitu visivyokuwa mashairi na kudai kuwa ni mashairi ya kisasa, jambo ambalo wao wanamapokeo hawalikubali.Wanazuoni wanaounga mkono chapuomkabala huu ni pamoja na Said Karama, Jumanne Mayoka, S.Kandoro, Amiri A. Sudi, Haji Gora,Nassir, Abdilatif Abdalla, Shihabuddin Chiraghdin, Mathias Mnyampala, Shaaban bin Robert, Amri Abedi, Amiri A.S. Andanenga, Wallah bin Wallah.
Kwa upande wao, wanamapinduzi wanawalaumu wanamapokeo kwa kuzuia maendeleo ya ushairi wa Kiswahili kwa kutoutambua ushairi ‘mpya’ ulioibuka.Wanamapinduzi wanabainisha kwamba ushairi simulizi wa Kibantu, ambayo ndiyo chimbuko la ushairi wa Kiswahili, kama wanavyokiri piawanamapokeo, haukufuata kanuni za urari wa vina na mizani. Kanuni ya urari wa vina na mizani kama uti wa mgongo wa ushairi wa Kiswahili wanaiona kama kanuni iliyotokana na athari za Waarabu katika ushairi huo wala si kanuni ya jadi ya ushairi wa Kiswahili.
Hivyo, wanamapinduzi nao, kama ilivyokuwa kwa wanamapokeo, wanalaumu ujio wa wageni kama chimbuko la athari mbaya kwa ushairi wa Kiswahili.Wanamapinduzi wanaenda mbali na kukazia kwamba shairi liamuliwe na kufungamana na mawazo, mtiririko wa hisia na makusudio ya mtunzi na si mbinu ya kifani.
Kwa jumla, wanausasa hawapingi uhalali wa urari wa vina na mizani katika ushairi wa Kiswahili bali wanataka aina ‘mpya’ ya ushairi, ushairi usiofuata urari wa vina na mizani utambuliwe kuwa ni mashairi ya Kiswahili pia. Kwa hivyo, wanamapinduzi wanatambua mashairi yenye urari wa vina na mizani kuwa ni mashairi ya Kiswahili lakini hawaoni kuwa huo ndio uti wa mgongo wa ushairi wa Kiswahili; mashairi ya Kiswahili yanaweza pia kutokuwa na urari wa vina na mizani.Watetezi wanaopigia chapuo maoni haya ni Fikeni Sonkoro, Euphrase Kezilahabi, Kulikoyela Kanalwanda, David Massamba, M.S.Khatibu, Theobald Mvungi, Kithaka wa Mberia miongoni mwa wengine wengi.
Ulinganishi na ulinganuzi wa mashairi ya arudhi na mashairi huru.
Mlingano:
  • Maumbo: Kimaumbo, yote hujigawa katika beti, mishororo, vipande na mizani.
  • Hutumia lugha ya mvuto, ya kimafumbo, ya kishairi, tamathali za usemi.
  • Hutumia uhuru wa kishairi kama inkisari, mazida, tabdila, kufinyanga au kuborongasarufi na kadhalika.
  • Uakifishaji:Yote hutumia alama za kuakifisha kama koma, kiulizi(o), kituo kikuu, kibainishi (ritifaa).
  • Maudhui :Maudhui yote huwa na ujumbe muhimu wa mtunzi. Huzungumzia mambo  yanayomhusu binadamu na mazingira yake.
Ulinganuzi:
  • Maumbo hubadilika katika mashairi huru lakini katika mashairi ya arudhi (wanamapokeo) hayabadiliki.
  • Katika mashairi ya arudhi, viwakilishi hutumiwa kwa kusudi maalumu ilhali katika mashairi huru havitumiwi sana ila kiulizi,kipumuo kifupi na alama ya hisi.
  • Mashairi huru hutumia lugha sanifu. kwa kiasi kikubwa. Mashairi ya kimapokeo huboronga sarufi kwa kusudi la kutosheleza vina na mizani.
  • Idadi ya mistari kutoka ubeti hadi ubeti hutofautiana katika mashairi huru.
  • Katika mashairi ya arudhi, idadi ya mizani, vina na vipande huzingatiwa sana lakini katika mashairi huru jambo hili halitiliwi uzito hata kidogo.
  • Mashairi ya arudhi huzingatia kanuni za kijadi katika utunzi wake, lakini mashairi huru hayazingatii kanuni hizi za kijadi za utunzi wa mashairi.
Mwl Maeda
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MADAI YA WANAMAPOKEO NA WANAMAPINDUZI KUHUSU USHAIRI WA KISWAHILI - by MwlMaeda - 01-04-2022, 09:20 AM

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