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UHAKIKI WA RIWAYA YA TAKADINI

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UHAKIKI WA RIWAYA YA TAKADINI
#1
UHAKIKI WA RIWAYA YA TAKADINI
Mwandishi :BEN HANSON
Mchapishaji : Mathews Bookstore
UTANGULIZI
TAKADINI ni riwaya inayoeleza maisha ya jamii za kiafrika na tamaduni zake.Riwaya hii inaeleza namna jamii nyingi za kiafrika zinavyowakandamiza na kuwanyanyasa watu wenye ulemavu kutokana na mila potofu.Katika riwaya hii mwandishi amemtumia kijana Takadini aliyezaliwa sope alivyowakilisha waathirika wa mila hizo potofu.
MAUDHUI
DHAMIRA KUU ;UKOMBOZI
Mwandishi ameeleza kuwa ili tuweze kupata ukombozi wa kweli na kujenga jamii mpya tunapaswa kuachana na mila potofu na kukomboka kifikra na kiutamaduni.Miongoni mwa mila hizo ni mauaji kwa watu wenye ulemavu.Takadini alizaliwa sope aliamriwa auawe  siku ya pili tu toka atoke tumboni mwa mamaye Sekai.
Aidha makwati anasikitika baada ya kuletewa taarifa kuwa mtoto aliyezaliwa ni sope anasema…..hilositalielewa……itakuwaje….aliuliza maswali mengi (uk 12).Bila ngozi?,Sope?ni nini ulichokileta hapa kwetu?maswali haya yanaonyesha namna walemavu wasivyothaminiwa.Suala hili lilimsononesha sana Sekai inaonyesha dhahiri mtoto sope katika jamii ya Makwati hakustahili kuishi.
DHAMIRA NDOGO NDOGO
  1. MAPENZI
Mwandishi anaonyesha mapenzi katika sura mbili tofauti yale ya dhati na ya uongo.Mapenzi ya dhati hayachagui hali wala mali pia kabila dini wala rangi.Kila mtu ana haki ya kupendwa na kupenda
    Mapenzi ya dhati kati ya Sekai na mwanae ,Sekai alikuwa radhi auawe ilimradi furaha yake itimie ya kubaki na mwanawe sope,hakuogopa kufa alimlinda takadini na kuamua atoroke baada ya makwati kuruhusu wazee wamwangamize
    Mapenzi ya dhati kati ya Sekai na Tendaihawa ni marafiki wa kweli  walifarijiana baada ya kuelezana matatizo yao,Tendai mke mdogo wa mtemi masasa aliyelazimishwa kuolewa na mzee wa rika la baba yake.
   Mapenzi ya dhati  kati yaMzee Chivero na Sekai,mzee Chivero alimpokea Sekai na mwanawe Takadini na kuwachukulia kama wanawe (familia yake)licha ya wanakijiji wengine kuwatenga
Mapenzi ya dhati baina ya Takadini na Shingai ,Shingai alimpenda Takadini licha ya kuwa na ulemavu wa ngozi (sope)pia mlemavu wa mguu (alitembea kwa msaada wa gongo)kama anavyokiri mwenyewe “huyu ndiye mwanaume ninayetaka anioe”
Mapenzi ya uongo ni baina ya Makwati na Takadini ,Nhamo na Shangai ,Sekai na wake wenza isipokuwa Pindai
  1. NDOA ZA MITARA
Mwandishi ameeleza athari za ndoa za mitara kuwa ni pamoja na chuki baina ya wanawake na hivyo kusababisha migogoro ndani ya familia.Mfano Sekai anasengenywa na wake wenza wake Dedirai,na Rumbidzai na kudai ni mchawi
Aidha wake wa Mtemi Masasa wanamdharau Tendai na kuchukulia kama mtoto wao na si mke mwenzao kwa sababu ya umri wake mdogo
  1. MILA POTOFU
Dhamira hii imetazamwa katika sura tofauti kama vile:-
  v  Wazazi kuwachagulia watoto wao wenza (wake/waume)Tendai na Shingai     wanalazimishwa kuolewa na watu wasiowataka,hii ni mila potofu zilizopitwa na wakati.
  v  Mauaji kwa walemavu ,mwandishi anaonyesha kuwa watu wenye ulemavu hawakustahili kuishi katika himaya  ya akina Makwati na mtemi Masasa na ndiyo maana kuzaliwa na kuishi kwa Takadini kulileta mzozo.
  1. NAFASI YA MWANAMKE
Jamii nyingi za kiafrika zinamkandamiza mwanamke na kumfanya mtu duni katika Nyanja mbalimbali za maisha,kama ifuatavyo;
  • Mwanamke hana maamuzi yake binafsi,watoto wa kike hawapati haki sawa na watoto wa kiume.mfano Tendai anaonekana kutofurahishwa na tendo la kuolewa na mume mwenye umri mkubwa (mzee Masasa)alisema “ni heshima kuwa mke wa mtemi mwenye nguvu kama Masasa lakini namchukulia kama baba yangu kuliko mumewangu”…….’’(uk 47)hapa inaonyesha mwanamke hana nafasi ya kuongea kama mtu mwingine.
  • Mwanamke amechorwa kama chombo cha starehe,hili linaonyeshwa kwa mzee Makwati na Mtemi Masasa kuwa na wanawake wengi kwa ajili ya kujifurahisha na hili linajitokeza bayana pale(uk 40) aliletwa mtoto kumpa joto mzee angehisi msisimko wowote ule wa mapenzi.
  •  Mwanamke anachorwa kama mwanamapinduzi ,haya yanajionyesha wazi kwa Sekai na Shingai ni wanawake walioleta mabadiliko katika jamii.mfano Sekai alikuwa wa kwanza kuvunja mila na desturi kwa kukataa Takadini asiuawe na kuamua kutorokea kijiji cha jirani pia alileta mabdiliko akiwa uhamishoni
Shingai naye mwanamapinduzi kwani alipingana na suala kuchaguliwa mchumba aliamini kuwa ndoa ya kweli inahusisha watu wawili waliopendana na waliochaguana alisema “ Si kwamba ninamchukia Nhamo ,la hasha isipokuwa sidhani kama nitakuwa furaha ya kuishi naye”(UK 110)mwisho mwandishi anaonyesha Shingai ameolewa na Takadini na wamezaa mtoto asiye sope.
  1. UMOJA NA MSHIKAMANO
Umoja na mshikamano ni moja kati ya nguzo muhimu katika kuleta mabadiliko na ukombozi wa kiutamaduni,mshikamano mzuri ulionyeshwa na mzee Chivero,Tendai,mtemi Masasa ulisaidia kumlinda Takadini dhidi ya unyanyapaa na hatari ya kupoteza maisha katika mapambano yoyote yenye umoja na nguvu utengano ni udhaifu
  1. UJASIRI
Mwandishi ameonyesha kuwa Sekai ni mwanamke jasiri aliepambana kufa na kupona kumlinda mwanae Takadini dhidi ya mila na desturi za kikatili hatima yake kuleta ukombozi katika jamii.
  • Shingai naye ni mwanamke aliyepambana na matatizo ya kuchaguliwa mchumba,mila zinazokandamiza wanawake.
  1. SUALA LA MALEZI
Malezi ya watoto yanapaswa kusimamiwa kwa pamoja yaani baba na mama.Katika kitabu hiki malezi yanaonekana ya upande mmoja mfano Sekai ndio mlezi mkuu wa familia hususani malezi ya Takadini
  • Shingai naye anapata malezi kwa mama,shangazi na bibi hata anapokata shauri la kutorokea kwa Takadini ,anaulizwa kuwa ndivyo ulivyolelewa?mzee Nhariswa anampiga mkewe na kusema “umefanya nini wewe mwanamke tangu mwanao alivyopeleka maji kwa Sekai umefuatilia kujua anachokifanya …uliona dalili kwanini hukutafuta dawa?
UJUMBE
  Ø  Walemavu wana haki sawa ya kuishi kama watu wengine hivyo wathaminiwe.
  Ø  Malezi yanahusisha pande zote mbili yaani baba na mama hivyo kila mmoja awajibike.
  Ø  Wanawake wawe na maamuzi katika jamii hiyo ili wasinyanyaswe
  Ø  Ndoa nibaina ya watu wawili wapendanao hivyo haipaswi kuingiliwa na mtu yoyote
  Ø  Umoja na mshikamano ni jambo muhimu katika ukombozi wa jamii yeyote ile.
MTAZAMO WA MWANDISHI
Mwandishi ana mtazamo wa kiyakinifu,anaona kuwa matatizo yanayotokana  na mila na desturi yanaweza kukataliwa na watu wengine kwa kuchukua hatua za kujikomboa kama alivyofanya Sekai na wenzake.
MSIMAMO WA MWANDISHI
Mwandishi ana msimamo wa kimapinduzi kwani ameeleza udhaifu wa baadhi ya mila na desturi zinazokandamiza watu hivyo anataka jamii ijikomboe dhidi ya mila desturi hizo.
FALSAFA
Mwandishi anaamini kuwa binadamu wote ni sawa hata kama kuna tofauti za kimaumbile lakini kila mtu ana haki ya kuishi .
MIGOGORO
Migogoro imejitokeza sehemu mbalimbali katika  riwaya hii ya TAKADINI kama ifuatavyo;
  Ø  Mgogoro kati ya Makwati na Sekai,chanzo cha mgogoro huu ni  (mila na imani potofu) baada ya Sekai kuzaa mtoto sope,mtoto huyo alipaswa auawe ,mwandishi anasema suala hili halikuungwa mkono na Sekai,suluhisho sekai aliamua kutoroka kijijini ili kunusuru maisha ya mtoto Takadini.
  Ø  Mgogoro wa Shingai na wazazi wake,Chanzo cha mgogoro huu ni mila potofu wa kuchaguliwa mchumba ambaye ni Nhamo ambapo  wazazi walikasirika hata kumtolea maneno mabaya,suluhisho ni  Shingai anaamua kutorokea kwa Takadini.
  Ø  Mgogoro kati ya Sekai na wake wenzake,chanzo cha mgogoro huu ni Makwati kuzidisha upendo kwa Sekai hivyo waliamini kuwa Sekai ni mchawi
  Ø  Mgogoro wa nafsi huu unajitokezakwa Tendai ambaye aliozwa kwa mzee Masasa ambaye alikuwa na umri mkubwa
  ØMgogoro wa kijamii,chanzo cha mgogoro ni kuzaliwa mtoto              mlemavu(sope)kulizuka mgogoro baina ya wanajamii ,wao walitaka Sekai na mtoto wake wafukuzwe.
FANI
MUUNDO
Mwandishi ametumia muundo wa msago (moja kwa moja).Mwandishi ameanza mwanzo kuonyesha mimba ya Sekai ambayo inazua chuki kwa wake wenza pia anapozaa mtoto wa kiume (sope)
  v  Sekai anaamua kutoroka ili kuokoa maisha ya mtoto,anaishi ugenini siku nyingi hata sope anakuwa mkubwa na kupata mke na mwisho kabisa mwandishi anaonyesha Sekai akipanga kurudi kwao.
MTINDO
Mwandishi anatumia mtindo wa masimulizi vilevile kuna matumizi ya dayalojia (UK 4)Dadirai na Rumbidzai wanajibizana
Je na yule mbuzi wako uliepewa na baba mzee Makwati amekupa watoto wangapi?
Tangu nimepata ni miaka miwili sasa na tayari ana watoto wawili nabado anatarajia mwingine.
Pia mwandishi ametumia nyimbo (UK 2)
Mashamba yote yamelimwa mbegu zote zimepandwa zimechipua na kumea,sisi watatu tumepata mavuno yetu.,Mheshimiwa wetu amemiliki mavuno kwa mikono yake halisi kutoka mashamba yetu yote lakini ni kipi alichoambulia kutoka ardhi ile isiyomea kitu?………..
MATUMIZI YA LUGHA
Mwandishi ametumia lugha rahisi inayotumika kwa watu wengi,pia ametumia tamathali za semi,nahau,misemo na mbinu nyingi za kisanaa.
MISEMO NA NAHAU
Misemo na nahau imetumika katika riwaya hii ili kuipamba kazi yake
  • “Habari njema kuchechemea kwa mguu mmoja lakini mbaya kukimbia kama sungura.Msemo huu unamaanisha kwamba habari njema hazienei haraka ila mbaya huenea haraka sana
Pia kuna misemo mingi kama
  • Pokea upewacho
  • Maosha ni matamu
  • Kanga hawezi kutua kwenye bua la mtama
  • Mume ni kiungo kwa mwanamke
TAMATHALI ZA SEMI
Tashibiha
Matumizi ya tashibiha yamejitokeza sehemu mbalimbali
  v Giza jepesi lilibakia ukutani kama mgeni asiyekaribishwa na asiyetaka kuondoka
  v  Muda huenda polepole sana mithili ya mwendo wa kakakuona (UK 6)
Tashihisi
Mwandishi wa riwaya ya Takadini ametumia tashihisi sehemu mbalimbal; kama vile’
  • Ubongo wake uliathiriwa kwa mawazo yaliofukuza usingizi wake
  • Fikra zilizopingana zilijichomeka katika nafsi yake
  • Mwanga wa jua ungaavu za novemba uliingia ndani na kulifukuza giza totoro.
Dhihaka
Mwandishi ametumia tamathali iliyoonyesha dharau na yenye lengo la kumweka mtu katika hali duni kupita kiasi lakini kwa mbinu ya mafumbo (uk 2)
  v  “Naamini ulichobeba sasa ni mtoto na si dubwasha”
Haya maneno yalimlenga Sekai kwakuwa siku zote waliamini hazai Tafsida
Mwandishi ametumia tamathali hii kufichaukali wa maneno (uk 83)
  v  Akashambulia hata sehemu za siri (UK 17)walifanya tendo la ndoa
  v  Akajivuta karibu zaidi naye chini ya guza hawakuzungumza wakafanya kile ambacho kilitokea kwa asili ya maumbile ,wakakata kiu ya hisia zilizowavuta pamoja miezi mingi (uk 117)
Takriri
  v  Wewe ni sope,sope,sope
  v  Najua ,najua (UK 79)
Mdokezo
  v  Siku moja sijui lini ….lakini hivi (UK 75)
  v  Sukuma mara moja tena ….(UK 125)
  v  Mtu mzima kama watu wengine na ameoa
WAHUSIKA
Takadini
  • Huyu ndiye mhusika mkuu wa riwaya hii
  • Ni mtoto wa Sekai
  • Ni mlemavu wa mguu na ngozi (zeruzeru )
  • Kijana wa kiume
  • Ni mchapakazi na anayependa kujituma
  • Ni mtiifu
  • Ni jasiri
  • Ni mwathirika wa mila na desturi mbaya au zilizopitwa na wakati
  • Anafaa kuigwa na jamii
Sekai
  v  Ni mhisika mkuu
  v  Ni mama yake Takadini
  v  Ni mke wa kwanza wa Makwati
  v  Mwanamapinduzi
  v  Mwathirika wa mila na desturi zilizopitwa na wakati
  v  Jasiri
  v  Ni mwenye huruma
  v  Ni mwenye upendo
Makwati
      Mume wa Sekai
      Baba wa Takadini
      Ni mkali
      Anapendana na mke wake
      Anashiriki mila za kale
Chivero
      Ni mzee wa makamo
      Ni mganga wa kienyeji
      Mwenye upendo
      Mwenye huruma
      Ni mshauri mkuu wa Mtemi Masasa
      Mpenda mabadiliko
      Alimpokea Sekai na Takadini
Mtemi masasa
      Mzee wa makamo
      Mtemi wa kijiji
      Mwenye heshima
      Ni mpole
      Mwenye huruma
      Mwenye wake wanne
Shingai
      Ni binti wa mzee Nhasriswa
      Mke wa takadini
      Ni jasiri
      Mwanamapinduzi
      Ni msichana mwenye msimamo
      Mwenye mapenzi ya kweli na takadini
      Mpenda mabadiliko
      Ana huruma
      Anafaa kuigwa
Tendai
      Mke mdogo wa mzee Masasa
      Ni mke mkarimu
      Mwanamapinduzi
      Ni mpole
      Rafiki kipenzi wa Sekai
Dadirai
      Mke wa tatu wa Makwati
      Ni mwenye roho mbaya
      Mpenda majanga
      Ana wivu
      Ana mawazo potofu
MANDHARI
Mwandishi ametumia mandhari ya kijijini.Mandhari hii inawakilisha vijiji mbalimbali hapa Tanzania na Bara la Afrika.Kwa ujumla mahala ambapo hakuna elimu kuhusu ulemavu wa ngozi haijaeleweka vema au hakuna kabisa.Pia vijiji ambavyo huduma kama shule hakuna
JINA LA KITABU
TAKADINI linasanifu yaliyomo kuwa kuna neno TAKADINI lina maana ya sisi tumefanya nini?Swali ambalo wahusika wengi wanajiuliza mfana Sekai na wanawake wasiozaa na hata vijana au watu wenye ulemavu
Mwl Maeda
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UHAKIKI WA RIWAYA YA TAKADINI - by MwlMaeda - 12-27-2021, 03:05 PM

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