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ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO 'FAKIRI/FUKARA' na 'MASKINI'
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ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO 'FAKIRI/FUKARA' na 'MASKINI'
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HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO 'FAKIRI/FUKARA' na 'MASKINI'
Neno *fakiri* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni nomino [ *Ngeli: a-/wa-]* yenye maana ya mtu asiye na mali, maskini sana.
Neno *fakiri* pia ni kivumishi chenye maana ya: - enye umaskini, -a kuhitaji.
Neno *fukara* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni nomino [ *Ngeli: a-/wa-, wingi: mafukara]* yenye maana ya mtu maskini sana.
Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno *fakiri* limetokana na neno la Kiarabu *faqiir* (soma: *faqiirun/faqiira/faqiirin فقير* ) lenye maana zifuatazo:
1. Muhitaji asiyemiliki cha kumtosha yeye na familia yake.
2. Mtu mwenye maumivu ya uti wa mgongo kutokana na kuvunjika au maradhi.
3. Shimo lililochimbwa kwa ajili ya kupanda mche au mbegu.
4. Mkondo wa maji kutoka katika mdomo wa mfereji kama vile Mfereji wa Suez, nchini Misri.
Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno hili ( *faqiirun/faqiiran/faqiirin فقير*) lilipoingia katika lugha ya Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *fakiri* lilichukua katika lugha ya asili - Kiarabu maana ya mtu asiye na mali, masikini sana na kuacha maana zingine.
Waswahili walilichukua neno fukara linalotokana na nomino ya Kiarabu *fuqaraau فقراء* ambalo ni wingi wa neno *faqiirun (fakiri)* na kulipa pia maana ileile ya neno *fakiri*.
Neno *maskini* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni nomino [ *Ngeli: a-/wa-]* yenye maana ya mtu au nchi isiyojitosheleza kimapato.
Neno hili *maskini* linatokana na neno la Kiarabu *miskiin* (soma: *miskiinun/miskiinan/muskiinin مسكين* ) lenye maana zifuatazo:
1. Fakiri muhitaji sana.
2. Mtu ambaye hamiliki chochote katika mali.
3. Mtu dhalili, mnyonge.
Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa maana za maneno fakiri *(fukara)* na *maskini* , katika Kiswahili na Kiarabu, zinashabihiana na kukurubiana kiasi cha kuona maneno yote yana maana moja.
*TANBIHI:*
Katika muktadha wa Sharia ya Kiislamu maneno *fakiri* na *maskini* yametumika kwa maana kuwa *fakiri ni yule asiye na kipato maalumu* na *maskini ni yule mwenye kipato kisichomtosha.*
*Shukran sana.*
*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*
Mwl Maeda
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