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ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO ' ADHIBU' NA 'ADIBU'

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ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO ' ADHIBU' NA 'ADIBU'
#1
HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA MANENO ' ADHIBU' NA 'ADIBU'.

Neno adhib.u [ kitenzi elekezi] katika lugha ya Kiswahili lina maana zifuatazo:

1. -pa mtu mateso yakiwa ni malipo ya makosa aliyoyafanya.

2. -pa mtu usumbufu au maudhi.

3. Toza mtu malipo ya mali au fedha kwa kosa alilolitenda . (Mfano: Jaji alimwadhibu mhalifu kwa kumtoza faini ya shilingi laki moja.)

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu,  neno hili adhibu ni kitenzi  adh-dhib عذب chenye maana ya kuamrisha kufanyika tendo la kumpa mtu mateso kama njia ya kumrudi kwa kosa alilofanya; kumpatisha mtu shida au mateso.

Neno adibu katika lugha ya Kiswahili lina maana zifuatazo:

1. Kitenzi elekezi: fanya mtu awe na tabia nzuri, elimisha mtu tabia njema; tia mtu adabu

2. Kivumishi: -enye tabia nzuri, -enye adabu; -enye staha.

Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili adibu (soma: adiibun/adiiban/adiibin اديب ) ni nomino yenye maana zifuatazo:

1. Faailun فاعل (mtendaji) wa kitenzi cha Kiarabu aduba ادب (amekuwa na adabu).

2. Mwandishi mbunifu wa mashairi na nathari.

3. Mtu mwenye tabia njema.

4. (Kwa wanyama tu) aliyefungwa na kuteswa.

5.  Mjuzi wa Fasihi na Sanaa.

6. Msomi, mwenye kupendelea taaluma.

Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa wakati kitenzi cha Kiarabu adhib (soma: adh-dhib عذاب) kilipoingia katika lugha ya Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno adhibu maana yake ya msingi katika Kiarabu haikubadilika, neno adibu (soma: adiibun/adiiban/adiibin اديب) lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno adibu lilijifunga na maana inayohusu tabia njema na kuziacha maana zingine zilizo katika lugha ya Kiarabu.

Shukran sana.

Khamis S.M. Mataka.
Mwl Maeda
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