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HATUA ZA SERIKALI YA TANZANIA KATIKA KUKUZA NA KUENEZA KISWAHILI BAADA YA UHURU

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HATUA ZA SERIKALI YA TANZANIA KATIKA KUKUZA NA KUENEZA KISWAHILI BAADA YA UHURU
#1
HATUA ZILIZOCHUKULIWA NA SERIKALI YA TANZANIA KATIKA KUKUZA NA KUENEZA KISWAHILI BAADA YA UHURU


Elezea hatua mbalimbali zilizochukuliwa na serikali ya Tanzania katika kukuza na kueneza kiswahili baada ya Uhuru?
Baada ya uhuru kuna harakati mbalimbali zilizochukuliwa na serikali ya Tanzania katika kukiendeleza na kukikuza kiswahili. Harakati hizo ni pamoja na kupendekezwa kuwa lugha rasmi 1962. Mnamo mwaka 1964 kiswahili kilipendekezwa kuwa lugha ya taifa na kuwa kitatumika katika shughuli zote za kiserikali na kitaifa mfano katika elimu hususani elimu ya msingi. Kundwa kwa Chombo cha usanifishaji ambacho kilikuwa na kazi ya kuhimiza maendeleo ya kiswahili, kutayaricha kamusi na vitabu mbalimbali vya sarufi na fasihi ya lugha ya kiswahili na kuandaa wataalamu watakaoshughulikia usanifishaji wa kiswahili
Pia baada ya uhuru kulianzishwa Taasisi mbalimbali zitakazoshughulikia lugha ya kiswahili. Mfano:- BAKITA, TUKI, TUMI, UKUTA, UWAVITA, Idara ya Chuo Kikuu Cha Dar es salaamu. Baada ya uhuru nchini Tanzania kiswahili kilienea kwa kasi kubwa sana. Kuna sababu mbalimbali ambazo zilichangia kukua na kuenea kwa kiswahili hapa nchini. Baadhi ya sababu hizo ni pamoja na:-
1. KISWAHILI KUWA LUGHA YA TAIFA; Baada ya uhuru mwaka 1962 kamati iliundwa ili kuangalia uwezekano wa kutumia kiswahili katika shughulizote rasmi, mfano bungeni na shughuli zote za kiofisi. Pia kiswahili kiliteuliwa kuwa lugha ya taifa 1964 ambapo katika shughuli zote za kitaifa zitaendeshwa kwa kutumia lugha ya kiswahili.
Hivyo kiswahili kilihimizwa kutumika katika mawasiliano yote hususani katika mawasiliano yote hasa katika shughuli za umma na Wizara zote, Serikali na Bunge, kiswahili kiliendelea kupanda hadhi zaidi wakati wa Azimio la Arusha la mwaka 1967 kwani azimio hilo lilitungwa na kuandikwa kwa lugha ya kiswahili.
2. KUUNDWA KWA VYOMBO VYA UKUZAJI NA UENEZAJI WA KISWAHILI: Tanzania baada ya uhuru ilifanya jitihada za kuunda vyombo mbalimbali vya kukuza na kueneza kiswahili katika nyanja mbalimbali mfano wa vyombo hivyo ni UWAVITA,BAKITA, TUMI,TUKI, Taasisi ya Elimu,TAKILUKI na Chama cha Kiswahili Chuo Kikuu Dar es salaam.
3. KUTUMIKA KATIKA ELIMU: Kiswahili licha ya kutumika katika shughuli mbalimbali za kiserikali, kilipendekezwa kutumika Katika shule za Msingi na kufundishwa katika elimu ya sekondari kama somo na katika vyuo vikuu wanatoa shahada mbalimbali za lugha ya kiswahili. Pia katika Elimu ya watu wazima ambao hawakujua kusoma na kuandika. Watu hawa walijifunza masomo mbalimbali kwa lugha ya kiswahili na kuwafanya watu wengi kujua kusoma, kuandika na kuzungumza lugha ya kiswahili fasaha. Kampeni hii ilikuwa kwa nchi nzima ambapo walijifunza elimu ya Afya, Siasa,Kiswahili, Kilimo na ufundi kwa lugha ya kiswahili na kuwafanya watu wengi kuzungumzakiswahili sanifu.
4. VYOMBO VYA HABARI: Tangu uhuru ulipopatikana kuna vyombo mbalimbali vya habari vilivyoanzishwa. Vyombo hivi hutumika kueneza kiswahili kwa kiasi kikubwa na hufikiwa na watu wengi licha ya kuwepo kwa changamoto za kiuchumi. Vyombo hivyo ni magazeti na majarida mbalimbali ambayo huandikwa kwa lugha ya kiswahili lakini kuna redio na runinga ambazo matangazo yake hutangazwa kwa lugha ya kiswahili. Hivyo kukifanya kiswahili kuenea kote ndani na nje ya nchi.
5. BIASHARA: Shughuli za kibiashara nchini husaidia kuenea na kukua kwa kiswahili kutokana na kuwepo kwa makabila tofauti tofauti ambapo wafanyabiashara huweza kuunganishwa kwa lugha ya kiswahili. Hivyo kiswahili hudumishwa na kutumika katika biashara hizo.
6. SHUGHULI ZA SIASA NA UTAWALA: Tangu wakati wa harakati za kupigania uhuru kiswahili kimetumika kama nyenzo muhimu kuwaunganisha wananchi. Shughuli nzima za kisiasa zimetumia lugha hii katika kujiimarisha; mfano wakati wa chama kimoja, Azimio la Arusha na Mfumo wa vyama vingi Kiswahili kimetumika kama njia kuu ya mawasiliano. Pia katika utawala chama kinachotawala kimekuwa na harakati za kukiendeleza kiswahilli katika nyanja zote. Ambapo kiswahili kimekuwa kikitumika katika shughuli zote za kiutawala. Hivyo shughuli za kisiasa na kiutawala zimechangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika kukuza, kukieneza na kukiendeleza kiswahili.
7. UANDISHI NA UCHAPISHAJI WA VITABU: Kuibuka kwa waandishi wa vitabu mbalimbali vya kiswahili vya sarufi na fasihi ambavyo vilichambua kwa kina mambo mabalimbali yahusuyo lugha ya kiswahili na utamaduni wake, mfano : Nkwera, Shabani Robart, Mathias Mnyapala na Shaffi Adam Shaffi. Waandishi wengine chipukizi walijitokeza na wanaendelea kujitokeza katika tasnia hii ya uandishi wa vitabu.
8. SHUGHULI ZA KIUTAMADUNI: Shughuli za kiutamaduni zimechangia kueneza kukuza na kuendeleza lugha ya kiswahili. Shughuli hizo ni pamoja na harusi, misiba, matanga na sherehe mbalimbali za kijamii ambazo zimesaidia kukiendeleza kiswahili kwa kuwa huwakutanisha watu tofauti tofauti katika shughuli hizo, ambapo huwalazimu kutumia lugha ya kiswahili katika mawasiliano na kufanya kiswahili kuendelea.
Pia katika Sherehe mbalimbali vikundi vya sanaa na muziki vinavyotumia lugha ya kiswahili kutumbuiza. Vikundi vingine huandaa nyimbo zao kwa ajili ya kukieneza kiswahili.
Mwl Maeda
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