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ZIJUE KAZI ZA VIAMBISHI

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ZIJUE KAZI ZA VIAMBISHI
#1
Viambishi vina dhima kubwa katika sarufi. Katika mada hii tutajadili matumizi mbalimbali ya viambishi Na, Ki, U, Ni, Ji, Ku, Li, na Kwa.
Matumizi ya kiambishi “NA”
“Na” inaweza kutumika kuonesha hali zifuatazo:-
(a) Kuonesha wakati uliopo.
Mfano: -Sisi tunasoma vizuri.
-Jane anakimbia polepole.
(b) Kuonesha urejeshi wa mtendwa.
Mfano: -Yule aliniachia mwenyewe.
-Walinambia ninapendeza.
© Kusaidia kuunda mzizi wa neno.
Mfano: -Nazi imeoza.
-Nani atashinda leo usiku?
-Ugali unanata.
-Watoto walinatana.
(d) Kuonesha nafsi ya kwanza umoja.
Mfano: -Nakuomba urudi nyumbani
-Nakupenda.
-Nakushukuru sana.
(e) Husaidia katika kuonesha kauli za utendaji, yaani ya kutendana.
Mfano; -Wanapendana.
-Walisukumana.
-Walipoonana walishangaana.
Matumizi ya kiambishi “KI”
(a) Hutumika kuonesha ngeli ya KI-VI
Mfano: -Kiti kimevunjika.
-Kikapu kimeibwa.
(b) Hutumika kuonesha wakati ujao hali ya masharti.
Mfano: -Ukiniona tu utapofuka macho.
-Ukimleta tutamgombania.
© Huonyesha urejeshi wa mtendwa.
Mfano: -Tulikiona.
-Alikitupa kitumbua chake.
(d) Katika Nomino za vivumishi “Ki” hukaa mwanzo ili kuonesha hali ya udogo.
Mfano: -Kipaka kinakimbia.
-Kibibi kizee kinaumwa.
-Kitoto kidogo kinacheka.
(e) Kuonesha hali ya udogo katika hali ya dharau au ya kusifu.
Mfano: -Kitoto kipenzi kimekuja.
-Kichungwa kitamu kimeliwa.
-Kitoto kizuri kimezaliwa.
-Kibuyu kibovu kimepotea.
-Kitoto kibaya kimekufa.
(f) Hutumika katika kielezi kuonesha jinsi ya tendo linavyotendeka.
Mfano:-Mwanne anacheza kizee.
-Anakwenda kivivu.
-Walimpiga kizembe.
(g) Mara nyingine “Ki” husaidia katika kuunda mzizi wa neno.
Mfano: -Kisu kimeibwa.
-Kitana kimepotea.
-Kiti kimeharibika.
(h) Kiashirio cha dharau.
Mfano: -Kione.
-Kitazame.
-Kiangalie
Matumizi ya kiambishi “U”
(a) Kubainisha nafsi ya pili umoja.
Mfano: -Ulikula chakula bora?
-Umeniona ninavyopendeza?
-Unasoma sana usiku.
(b) Kuonesha hali ya ushirikishi.
Mfano: -Wewe u mototo wangu.
-Ulikuwa u mdogo.
-Ulikuwa u mwerevu.
© Kuunda mzizi wa neno.
Mfano: -Simba aliua watu sita.
-Sikumuua kwa makusudi.
(d) Hutumika kuonesha urejeshi wa mtendwa.
Mfano: -Wanaupenda.
-Waje wote walioula.
-Ulioupika utaupakua.
(e) Huweza kuonesha hali ya kunominisha.
Mfano: -Ulitaka kufanya Uhodari?
-Umasikini ni hatari.
-Tunahitaji Umoja.
(f) Kuonesha ngeli ya U-ZI, U-YA au U-I
Mfano; -Ugonjwa umeenea………Ngeli ya UYA
Ukuta umevunjika……….Ngeli ya U-ZI
Mgomba umeanguka………Ngeli yU-I
Matumizi ya Kiambishi “Ni”
(a) Hutumika kuonesha nafsi ya kwanza umoja.
Mfano: -Ninasoma vizuri.
-Sikufahamu kama nilimuonea huyu.
-Niambie.
(b) Hutumika kuonesha ushirikishi baina ya vitu viwili.
Mfano: -Kesi ni mkarimu.
-Mimi ni daktari wa meno.
© Hutumika kuonesha urejeshi wa mtendwa.
Mfano: -Alinipiga.
-Atanisukuma.
-Amenionea.
(d) Hutumika kuonesha mahali ikiwa “ni” itatokea mwisho wa nomino.
Mfano: -Nenda Uwanjani.
-Kachungulie chumbani.
Matumizi ya Kiambishi “KU”
(a) Kubainisha wakati uliopita.
Mfano: -Hakusoma.
-Hakuja.
(b) Kubainisha ukanushi.
Mfano: -Hakuona.
-Sikumpiga.
© Kunominisha kitenzi.
Mfano: -Kusoma hakuishi.
-Kusoma kwale kwanichukiza.
(d) Kubainisha urejeshi wa mtendwa.
Mfano: -Alikupiga.
-Atakusomesha.
-Hakukuona.
-Hakukukuna.
(e) Kuonyesha nafsi ya pili tu.
Mfano; -Alikuona.
-Watakuminya.
-Hakukukuta.
(f) Kusaidia kuundia mzizi wa neno au kubeba shina la kitenzi lenye silabi moja.
Mfano: -Yeye alitaka kula.
-Anakunywa chai.
-Maji yamekupwa.
(g) Kubainisha ngeli za majina katika ya “KU”
Mfano; -Kusoma kunafaidisha.
-Kucheza kwako kunanchukiza.
Matumizi ya Kiambishi “LI”
(a) Kuonyesha wakati uliopita.
Mfano: -Mimi nilikimbia.
-Mtoto alikuja.
(b) Kubainisha ngeli ya LI-YA
Mfano: -Jumba limebomoka.
-Gari limeanguka.
© Husaidia katika kuunda mzizi wa neno.
Mfano: -Amelima shamba.
-Atamlisha mtoto.
-Utalipa zote.
(d) Kubainisha urejeshi wa mtendwa.
Mfano: -Amelikimbiza.
-Ataliona.
-Amelipiganisha.
(e) Huonyesha kama kiashirio cha dharau.
Mfano: -Lione.
-Litazame.
-Liangalie.
Matumizi ya “Kwa”
(a) Hutumika kuonesha sababu ya kutokea tendo.
Mfano: -Amejiuzulu kwa uzee wake.
-Ameuliwa kwa ukaidi wake.
-Alimfuata kwa hasira zake.
(b) Hutumika kuonyesha kifaa kilichotumika kutendea tendo.
Mfano: -Alikwenda kwa gari.
-Amekula kwa kijiko.
-Alipigwa kwa rungu.
© Hutumika kuonyesha mahali litokeapo tendo.
Mfano: -Nimetumwa kwa Zainabu.
-Unampeleka kwa nani?
-Ninarudi kwa Mama yangu.
(d) Hutumika kuonyesha mfanano baina ya vitu viwili.
Mfano: -Wataingia wawili kwa wawili.
-Moja kwa moja tutaelekea njia hii.
(e) Hutumika kuonyesha utofauti baina ya vitu viwili.
Mfano: -Ghana ilifungwa mawili kwa moja.
-Wazee kwa vijana washirikiane.
(f) Hutumika kuonyesha hali ya tendo lilivyofanyika.
Mfano: -Anatembea kwa maringo.
-Walimpiga kwa nguvu zao zote.
-Alimfuata kwa ghadhabu kubwa.
Matumizi ya KA
  1. Kiambishi kiwakilishi cha Wakati Usiodhihirika
  2. Mama akamtuma mwanawe aende kuchota maji.
  3. Nikamwuliza anionyeshe sanduku lake.
  4. Katika vitenzi sambamba – kitendo kimoja kinapofanyika baada ya kingine
  5. Alikula akashiba kisha akalala.
  6. Tulifika nyumbani, baba akatuuliza tumewaacha wapi fahali.
  7. Kuagiza au Kuamuru
  8. ‘Kalaleni!’ Mama akawaamuru watoto.
  9. Kamwambie asirudi hapa tena.
  10. Kiishio cha kauli ya kutendeka
  11. Kijana mtundu alipigwa akapigika.
  12. Tulijaribu kufungua mlango lakini haukufunguka.
Mwl Maeda
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