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KUPELEKEA PIA NI KUSABABISHA

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KUPELEKEA PIA NI KUSABABISHA
#1
BOFYA HAPA CHINI KUFUNGUA >>>>>
Mjadala huu uliendelezwa na wataalamu wengine katika jukwaa na hapa chini naweka michango yao.
Jibu la Mwl. Issaya Lupogo (Chuo Kikuu Mzumbe, Tanzania) kwa Mwl. Abdilatif Abdalla (Harmburg, Ujerumani) Kuhusu PELEKEA na SABABISHA
1.0 Usuli na Utangulizi
Kabla hujasoma andiko hili (jibu kwa Abdilatif Abdalla), yafaa kwanza usome andiko lake (Abdilatif) lenye kurasa takribani 5-6 alilolisambaza au kuliingiza “kuliposti” katika mitandao ya kijamii hususani majamvi ya WhatsApp tarehe 06/11/2019 likianzia katika jamvi la Watetezi wa Kiswahili Tanzania (WAKITA) linaloongozwa na Majid Mswahili.
Kwa ujumla hoja kuu katika makala yake ni kupingana na wanaodai kwamba neno KUPELEKEA si sahihi katika matumizi ya Kiswahili sanifu katika muktadha fulani. Yeye anajenga hoja kwamba matumizi ya neno PELEKEA katika sentensi kama “mvua hii imepelekea kuharibika kwa nyumba nyingi” yapo sahihi kabisa. Anaopingana nao (akiwamo Mwl. Issaya Lupogo na wengine) wanaona kwamba neno PELEKEA katika mfano/muktadha huo si sahihi kisanifu, badala yake neno faafu ni SABABISHA. Hoja alizozitoa kwa ufupi nilivyobahatika kuelewa ninaweza kuzigawa katika kategoria tatu (3). Kwanza, ni hoja ya kiisimujamii au/na mkabala wa kiufafanuzi wa uchambuzi wa lugha “descriptive approach of language analysis”; kwa muda mrefu jamii ya Waswahili imekuwa ikilitumia neno hilo ( PELEKEA) wakiwamo waandishi mbalimbali hususani wa Fasihi (kama ilivyobainika katika mifano ya Abdilatif katika makala yake). Hoja ya pili ni ya kiisimu/kisarufi; ametumia mifano ya maneno aliyodai kuyanyumbua kutoka neno la msingi na kisha maneno hayo kupata maana mpya kabisa; mfano, ona (kutazama) – onea* (hali ya dhuluma/unyanyasaji), shika (kamata/gusa kitu)- shikilia (kung’ang’ania jambo), paa (kupaa juu, na maana nyinginezo katika kidahizo hicho)- paliwa (kupaliwa chakula). Hoja yake ya tatu ni ya kileksikografia; ametumia Kamusi la Kiswahili Fasaha la BAKIZA kueleza kwamba neno hilo (PELEKEA) limo katika kamusi hilo na lina maana sawa na SABABISHA tu.
Kwa hivyo, kwa ujumla Abdilatif anahitimisha na anahimiza kwamba neno PELEKEA lisipigwe vita katika matumizi ya Kiswahili sanifu; huku akiruhusu mjadala na kukiri kwamba yeye bado ni mwanagenzi wa lugha hii adhimu ya Kiswahili.
Katika makala hii, ninatoa majibu “response” kwa kila hoja aliyoitoa.
2.0 Jibu la Hoja za Abdilatif Abdalla
Nitajibu hoja moja baada ya nyingine.
2.1 Hoja ya Kiisimujamii au/na Mkabala wa Kiufafanuzi wa Uchambuzi wa Lugha
Hoja hii ninaikubali pasi na shaka yoyote ile. Huu ni mkabala wa uchambuzi wa lugha unaojikita kuchunguza jinsi jamii inavyotumia lugha yake kisha wataalamu wanachambua na kuhalalisha kinachozungumzwa na wenye lugha yao (jamii). Watumiaji wa lugha wakati mwingine wamekuwa wakikengeuka kanuni na taratibu za kisarufi za lugha, lakini kama ukengeukaji huo unaonekana kushika hatamu, basi wanataalumu wanaoamini katika Mkabala wa Kiufafanuzi wa Uchambuzi wa Lugha wanalihalisha neno hilo au ruwaza hiyo. Kinyume chake, wataalamu wanaoamini katika Mkabala wa Kiuelekezi “Prescriptive Approach of Language Analysis” watazidi kushikilia na kusisitiza kufuatwa kwa kanuni za sarufi husika ya lugha. Suala hili ninalifananisha na maneno ONESHA na ONYESHA. Neno ONESHA linatumika kwa msingi wa Mkabala wa Kiuelekezi kwa sababu mantiki ya dhana husika ni kuona na si kuonya . Neno ONYESHA liko katika msingi wa Mkabala wa Kiufafanuzi; neno hilo licha ya kwamba mantiki yake ni kuonya na si kuona/kuonesha, limekuwa likitumiwa na jamii kwa muda mrefu sana. Na ndio maana matoleo ya sasa ya Kamusi za Kiswahili sanifu yameingiza maneno yote hayo: ONESHA na ONYESHA.
Kama ambavyo niliwahi kuhitimisha katika moja ya mfululizo wa makala zangu (Sehemu ya 12: Je, ni Maonyesho au Maonesho) ninazozisambaza katika akaunti zangu za mitandao ya kijamii, majamvi ya WhatsApp, na kuzichapisha pia katika gazeti la Mwananchi kwenye ukurasa wa Kiswahili Adhimu kila Jumanne; zinazohusu Makosa Yaliyozoeleka katika Matumizi ya Kiswahili Sanifu; nilihitimisha kwamba makundi mawili yanayotumia maneno maonyesho na maonesho watatofautishwa katika misingi ya weledi wa lugha tu. Zaidi bofya hapa kusoma andiko hilo https://www.facebook.com/100002618180434...9/?app=fbl
Vivyohivyo, hitimisho hili nalitoa (kwa kijibu hoja hii na si hoja nyingine ya 2 na 3) kuhusu PELEKEA na SABABISHA ambapo nayafananisha maneno hayo na ONYESHA na ONESHA mtawalia.
2.2 Jibu la Hoja ya Kisarufi
Hoja hii ni nzuri lakini kuna vitu kadhaa havikuzingatiwa wakati inachakatwa labda kwa kutomakinikia sana kamusi aliyokuwa akiitumia au kwa kutotalii vema kamusi hiyo au kwa sababu ambazo mimi sizijui. Abdilatif amejenga hoja za kushawishi neno PELEKEA ni muafaka huku akiliona ni sinonimia au kisawe cha SABABISHA kwa kueleza kwamba neno hilo limetokana na neno kuu PELEKA na baada ya kunyumbuliwa na kuwa PELEKEA, likapata maana mpya ambayo inafanana na SABABISHA. Kwa hivyo, Abdilatif amejenga hoja kwa kutumia mifano mingine anayodai inafafanana na mfano huo kwa kutumia maneno Ona – onea, shika-shikilia na paa-paliwa kama ilivyodokezwa pia katika 2.1.
Mifano hiyo ya maneno aliyoitoa haina mashina yanayooana kama alivyodhani. Neno shika na shikiilia ni maneno tofauti; hata katika kamusi maneno hayo ni vidahizo viwili tofauti kabisa. Halikadhalika, neno ona (kuona) na onea (ya dhuluma) ni vidahizo tofauti katika Kamusi. Vivyohivyo, paa (kupaa na maana nyinginezo alizobainisha katika kidahizo hicho) na palia/paliwa (kupaliwa chakula) ni vidahizo viwili tofauti kabisa katika kamusi. Tumia kamusi vema kuthibitisha hili; kama hili litahojiwa nitarudi na ushahidi kutoka katika kurasa husika za kamusi ambazo vidahizo hivyo vimeoneshwa/vimefafanuliwa. Moja ya kamusi nilizotumia ni Kamusi ya Kiswahili sanifu ya TUKI, toleo la tatu.
Kwa hivyo, hoja hii imekosa ushawishi na ushahidi kutoka vyanzo vilivyotajwa kutumika.
3.0 Jibu la Hoja ya Kileksikografia
Imebanishwa kwamba neno PELEKEA limo katika Kamusi la Kiswahili Fasaha. Ni kweli kuna tofauti nyingi tu kati ya kamusi z/ya BAKIZA na kamusi y/za BAKITA (pamoja na za TUKI na nyinginezo za Tanzania Bara kwa sababu zinaoana). Kuna mjadala mkubwa wa suala hili likiwamo hata la kuwapo kwa Mabaraza ya Kiswahili mawili ndani ya nchi moja. Nisingependa kujiingiza katika mjadala huo kwa sababu ni mzito na mpana, lakini ninachokiona kuna mvuke wa kuwapo kwa lahaja mbili za Kiswahili Sanifu; Kiswahili sanifu cha Zanzibar chini ya BAKIZA na Kiswahili sanifu cha Tanzania Bara chini ya BAKITA.
Kwa hivyo, hitimisho langu kwa hoja ni kwamba kila upande wapo sahihi; Kamusi la Kiswahili Fasaha, BAKIZA wanaoamini KUPELEKEA ni sanifu/fasaha na upande wa Bara (BAKITA, TUKI, n.k) wanaoona KUPELEKEA imengekeuka kanuni na neno sahihi ni SABABISHA
Labda kwa kuwa Mwl. Issaya Lupogo amefunzwa na kufundishwa kwa kutumia miongozo ya Kiswahili sanifu cha Tanzania Bara (BAKITA), ataendelea kuamini hasa upande wa kuliona neno PELEKEA katika muktadha unaojadiliwa si sahihi, na neno sahihi ni SABABISHA. Nafikiri hizi hoja za pande mbili zipimwe/zitathminiwe na mtaalamu wa Kiswahili/lugha ambaye si Mzanzibar wala wa kutoka Tanzania; ili tathmini yake isiwe na ubinafsi.
3.0 Hitimisho la Jumla
Lugha ni pana sana, inatumika katika miktadha mingi. Ni vema kukawepo na makubaliano ya misingi na kanuni za matumizi ya lugha (Kiswahili) katika miktadha rasmi; ambapo bila shaka Kiswahili sanifu kinatakiwa kitumike. Aidha, ninatoa raia kwa Mabaraza yetu mawili (BAKITA na BAKIZA) kuungana na kuwa kitu kimoja katika kuandaa miongozo ya Kiswahili sanifu, mathalani, kuwa na kamusi zisizotofautiana. Mfano, toafauti za kamusi ya BAKITA (Kamusi Kuu la Kiswahili) na kamusi ya BAKIZA (Kamusi la Kiswahili Fasaha) zi/yanatofautina tangu mwanzoni kabisa katika jina la kamusi. Ngeli ya neno kamusi; BAKIZA wameliweka neno “kamusi” katika ngeli ya LI – YA wakati kwa BAKITA ni ngeli ya I-ZI
Mwl. Issaya Lupogo – Chuo Kikuu Mzumbe, Morogoro – Tanzania
+255712143909
lupogoissaya1@gmail.com
Tarehe 08/12/2019
Saa 7:10 Usiku
Mwl Maeda
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