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OSW 224: FASIHI SIMULIZI : MTIHANI WA MWAKA – ODEX – MASWALI NA MAJIBU –FEBRUARI,2016

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OSW 224: FASIHI SIMULIZI : MTIHANI WA MWAKA – ODEX – MASWALI NA MAJIBU –FEBRUARI,2016
#1
OSW 224: FASIHI SIMULIZI : MTIHANI WA MWAKA – ODEX – MASWALI NA MAJIBU – FEBRUARI, 2016
  1. Kila jamii ina Fasihi simulizi yake tofauti na jamii nyingine. Kwa vipi?
MAJIBU
Ni kweli kila jamii ina Fasihi simulizi yake tofauti na jamii nyingine. Utofauti huo unatokana na mambo mbalimbali kama vile.
  • Mila na desturi
  • Mazingira
  • Amali
  • Historia ya jamii husika
  • Misingi ya asili ya jamii husika
Misingi ya jamii ndio msingi wa Fasihi ya jamii husika na utofauti wa misingi hiyo ya kila jamii hufanya kila jamii iwe na Fasihi simulizi yake.
  1. “Fasihi simulizi iko Afrika tu! Ulaya hakuna Fasihi simulizi!” Jadili kauli hii.
MAJIBU
Jamii za Ulaya haziamini juu ya kuwepo kwa Fasihi simulizi, wao wanaamini kuwa maandishi “litera” ndiyo Fasihi pekee. Fasihi za kiafrika huchukuliwa kuwa ni ushenzi (kutostaarabika) na ushamba. Fasihi simulizi ya Afrika kwa asili haiwekwi katika maandishi kutokana na uwasilishaji wake na umuhimu wake. Miongoni mwa Fasihi simulizi za Afrika ni:
Jando na unyago, haya ni mafundisho ambayo hutolewa kwa vijana wa kiume na wa kike mtawalia. Mafundisho haya humjenga kijana wa kiafrika kuwa mchapakazi, mwadilifu na mtetezi wa jamii yake. Mambo haya kwa jamii za ulaya hayapo na huyaona kama ushamba.
Matambiko, ni ibada zinazowapa waafrika fursa ya kuwasiliana na miungu yao na kuelezea mahitaji yao ili kupata ufumbuzi.matambiko husaidia jamii kudumisha umoja na mshikamano na kutatua changamoto zao za kiimani. Jamii za Ulaya huona matambiko kuwa ni dhambi kutokana na imani za kimagharibi.
Ngoma, ni Fasihi simulizi ya kiafrika ambayo hutumiwa kuburudisha, kuelimisha na kuleta jamii pamoja katika matukio mbalimbali ya kijamii ya furaha au huzuni. Kila jamii huwa na ngoma yake ya asili na hutambulishwa kwayo.
Hadithi za kimapokeo, hutumiwa kupitishia maarifa ya kijamii kwa vizazi chipukizi kupitia masimulizi ya mambo hayo kwa vijana na watoto. Hadithi kama ngano, vigano, tarihi na visasili hubeba amali mbalimbali za jamii.
Miviga, ni Fasihi simulizi ya kiafrika ambayo hufanyika msimu wa mavuno na huambatana na sherehe za kijamii kama kusimika viongozi, kumtoa mwali au kuwapeleka vijana jandoni. Miviga hutumiwa pia kuwaleta watu pamoja na kuwasahaulisha watu madhila mbalimbali.
Kwa ujumla Fasihi simulizi inapatikana Afrika kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na mazingira na mahitaji ya jamii husika.
  1. “Wa mbili havai moja na maskini akipata matako hulia mbwata”. Eleza maana na dhima ya semi hizi.
MAJIBU
Katika maisha kila mtu amepangiwa bahati yake. Kuna ambao kupata ni kawaida na kuna wale ambao kupata sio kawaida. Makundi haya mawili ya watu ndiyo huzaa methali ya “Wa mbili havai moja” na “Maskini akipata matako hulia mbwata”. Methali hizi zinafafanuliwa kama ifuatavyo.
Wa mbili havai moja, methali hii inamaana kuwa alichopangiwa mtu na Mola ndicho atakachopokea hata kama patatokea watu wenye chuki na husuda dhidi yake. Kuna watu huwa hawafurahishwi na mafanikio ya watu wengine kiasi cha kufanya mipango ya kukwamisha mafanikio ya watu wengine.
Dhima ya methali hii ni kuwahamasisha watu kuongeza bidii katika kutafuta mafanikio yao badala ya kuhangaika kuzuia mafanikio ya wengine ambayo hasa ni mipango ya Mungu.
Masikini akipata matako hulia mbwata, methali hii inaelezea tabia ya baadhi ya watu kuonesha ufahari pindi wanapopata mafanikio kidogo maishani mwao. Watu hawa hasa ni wale ambao hawaamini kama wanastahili kufanikiwa ndio maana wakipata kidogo tu hujisahau na kuonesha ufahari.
Dhima ya methali hii ni kuwatahadharisha watu kutoonesha ufahari wanapofanikiwa kwa kujua kuwa mafanikio huweza kuwa ya muda nay a kupita lakini utu na uhusiano mwema hudumu daima.
Kwa ujumla methali ni kipengele muhimu cha semi chenye kuhifadhi na kurithisha hekima na busara za jamii.
  1. Fasihi simulizi huchapuza kazi. Mfano: kilimo n.k.! thibitisha dai hili.
MAJIBU
Chapuzo ni Fasihi simulizi itumiwayo sana kuchochea na kuhimiza kazi katika jamii. Nyimbo za kuchapuza hutofautiana kulingana na kazi husika. Kwa mfano:
Chapuzo za wakulima, hizi huitwa wawe na huimbwa wakati watu wakiwa shambani. Wawe huimbwa kufuatana na mapigo ya zana, mathalan kupanda na kushuka kwa jembe wakati wa kulima. Bofya hapa kuona mfano wa chapuzo ya wasukuma >>>>>>>
Chapuzo za wavuvi, hizi huimbwa na wavuvi wawapo majini katika shughuli zao hasa usiku. Nyimbo hizi huitwa kimai. Hutumika kuwaondolea wavuvi ukiwa na unyonge.
Nyimbo za vita, hizi huimbwa na wanajeshi msimu wa vita ili kuwapa morali wanajeshi wawapo vitani. Chapuzo huwafanya wanajeshi wasiwaze sana kuhusu madhara ya vita na kujiondolea woga na hofu ya kufa.
Chapuzo ya watwanzi, huimbwa na akina mama wakati wanapotwanga kikoa hasa vijijini ambapo huwa hakuna maendeleo ya mashine za kuzalisha unga, kukoboa mpunga au kupwaga ulezi. Kazi ngumu za utwanzi zinapofanywa na akina mama basi huanzisha nyimbo mbalimbali ambazo huwafanya wasichoke wala kuhisi uvivu.
Katika kazi za udobi pia hutokea chapuzo pale ambapo mfuaji hujiimbia wimbo aghalamu usio na maneno ya kusikika sana ilimradi tu hujifariji na kujisaulisha ugumu wa kazi yake na hatimaye hujikuta amemaliza kazi bila kuhisi uchovu sana.
Kwa hali hiyo ni dhahiri kuwa chapuzo ni kipengele muhimu sana cha Fasihi katika kuifanya kazi yoyote au mazingira ya kazi kuwa mepesi na yasiyochosha.
Mwl Maeda
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