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FASIHI YA KISWAHILI NADHARIYA NA UHAKIKI: MUHADHARA WA KUMI

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FASIHI YA KISWAHILI NADHARIYA NA UHAKIKI: MUHADHARA WA KUMI
#1
MUHADHARA WA KUMI
Kumbo za ushairi wa Kiswahili
Ushairi wa Kiswahili unaweza kuwekwa katika kumbo za aina tatu za kimtindo ambazo ni; Ushairi wa kijadi (kimapokeo), Ushairi wa Kisasa/mlegezo/masivina/mauve/mapingiti na Ushairi wa maigizo.
  1. Ushairi wa kimapokeo; Haya ni mashairi yenye kuzingatia urari wa vina na mizani.
  2. Ushairi wa mlegezo; Ni mashairi yasiyofungwa na kanuni za kimapokeo.
  3. Ushairi wa maigizo; Ni ushairi unaotumia vitendo na hugawanyika katika aina mbili ambazo ni ngonjera na ushairi wa kidrama.
(i)         Ngonjera; Ni ushairi wa majibizano ulioanzishwa na Mathias Mnyampala 1960 na ulitumika sana katika kueneza siasa ya ujamaa. Katika ngonjera huwa kuna pande mbili, kuna upande uliopotoka na upande uliosahihi. Kila upande hujenga hoja za kushawishi upande mwingine kishairi.
Mwisho wa majibizano ya kingonjera huwa ni suluhisho ambalo kwa kiasi kikubwa upande uliopotoka huthibitisha kuzidiwa kwa hoja.
Mfano: ngonjera za UKUTA.
(ii)       Ushairii wa kidrama; Ni ushairi unaotumiwa katika baadhi ya tamthiliya kama sehemu ya mchezo wa kuigiza na ni moja wapo ya mitindo itumiwayo katika tamthiliya. Mfano; Tamthiliya ya Mfalme Edipode na Mabepari wa Venisi (mfarisi: J.K. Nyerere)
–   Ngonjera hupaswa kuwa na Mwanzo wa kingonjera.
            Bahari za ushairi kijadi
Bahari ya ushairi ni aina mahususi ya ushairi yenye sifa     fulani kiumbo zinazojipambanua na aina nyingine za ushairi.
(i)         Shairi; wanajadi walisema shairi ni utungo wenye mishororo minne kila ubeti na vipande viwili vya mizani nane kila kipande. Maudhui yanaweza kuhusu suala lolote linalomkuna mtunzi.
(ii)       Wimbo; Ni utungo wenye mishororo mitano kila ubeti na una vipande viwili na maudhui yanaweza kuwa ya mapenzi yaliyochepuka.
(iii)     Bahari ya utenzi; Ni shairi la masimulizi,mawaidha au maelezo marefu. Tenzi nyingi zina mizani nane kila mstari na vina hubadilika kila ubeti isipokuwa mstari wa mwisho. Maudhui ni ya kawaida, masimulizi, mawaidha ambayo huelezea wasifu au tawasifu, ushujaa, utendi, nk.
–   Wasifu ni historia inayomhusu mtu fulani na ambayo huandikwa na mtu mwingine.
–   Tawasifu ni historia ya mtu ambayo huandikwa na mtu mwenyewe.
Inkishafi/Dura Mandhuma; Ni aina ya ushairi ambayo imepata jina lake kutokana na utenzi wa Al-Inkishafi na Dura Mandhuma. Utenzi huu ulikuwa pamoja kwa sababu ya nafanana na pia zina maudhui ya kidini ingawa zinaweza kutumika kwa maudhui ya kidunia. Mpangilio wake ni mishororo minne na mizani kumi na moja kwa mgawanyo wa sita na tano jumla yake ni kumi na moja yaani 6 + 5 = 11.
Mwl Maeda
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FASIHI YA KISWAHILI NADHARIYA NA UHAKIKI: MUHADHARA WA KUMI - by MwlMaeda - 12-27-2021, 01:56 PM

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