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https://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/2024-12-21T14:31:05ZMyBBMwlMaeda]]>2023-01-08T10:02:48Z2023-01-08T10:02:48Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2879 TOFAUTI KATI YA MOFIMU NA SILABI.pdf (Size: 56.71 KB / Downloads: 15)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-11-11T05:40:42Z2022-11-11T05:40:42Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2862 Matumizi ya Alama za Kifonetiki za Kimataifa katika Uwasilishaji wa.pdf (Size: 354.12 KB / Downloads: 12)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-11-02T18:33:01Z2022-11-02T18:35:07Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2856
1. Huonesha mahali au upande: Mano, amekwenda kwa mjomba wake.
2. Huonesha sababu au kisababishi cha jambo: mfano; ninaishi kwa ajili yako.
3. Huonesha wakati: mfano; sina nafasi kwa sasa.
4. Huonesha sehemu Tulani ya kitu kikubwa, mfano: Mpira umekwisha wakiwa wamefungana nne kwa tatu.
5. Huonesha jinsi kitendo kilivyotendeka: Mfano; alimvuta kwa nguvu sana ndio maana
limevunjika.
6. Kuonesha matumizi ya kitu. Mfano: Alisafiri kwa basi]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-10-27T08:19:39Z2022-10-27T08:19:39Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2852Vitenzi vya Silabi Moja Hivi ni vitenzi vyenye silabi moja pekee. Ili kuleta maana kamili, vitenzi hivi huambatanishwa na kiungo KU- katika kauli ya kutenda. Kama vitenzi vingine, vitenzi vya silabi moja vinaweza kunyambuliwa. k.m: soma, kula, sikiza
-nya- kunya - kutoa mabaki ya chakula toka tumboni k.m mtoto amekunya
-nywa- kunywa - kutia kinywaji kama vile maji au maziwa mdomoni k.m ninakunywa uji
-pa- kupa - kumkabithi/kumpatia mtu kitu k.m amenipa pesa
-pwa- kupwa - kujaa hadi pomoni - k.m kisima kimekupwa maji
-twa- kutwa - jua linapozama magharibi na usiku kuingia k.m kumekutwa
-wa- kuwa - kutokea katika hali au mahali fulani k.m alikuwa
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-08-09T03:48:55Z2022-08-09T03:48:55Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2802 MASUALA YA KISARUFI KATIKA MAGAZETI YA MITAANI YA KISWAHILI - TANZANIA.pdf (Size: 153.26 KB / Downloads: 0)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-05-15T11:22:28Z2022-05-15T11:22:28Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2568 YAMBWA NA YAMBIWA.pdf (Size: 660.5 KB / Downloads: 11)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-04-02T17:45:21Z2022-04-02T17:46:15Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2495Jawabu.
Lugha ni sauti za nasibu zenye kuleta maana ambazo zimekubaliwa na wanajamii kutumika kwa mawailiano miongoni mwao.
Kulingana na tafsiri hii , tunabaini kwamba, sifa mojawapo ya lugha ni kutoa maana ambayo inaeleweka kwa watumiaji wake. Kinyume na hivyo haiwezi kuwa lugha. Ndiyo sababu milio ya viumbe, kama vile wanyama, ndege, na wadudu siyo lugha kwa vile hazitoi maana. Kwa hiyo kama tusingekuwa na lugha wanaadam tusingeweza kuwasiliana kwa maana tunvyofanya sasa. Umuhimu wa kutumia lugha kwa ufasaha katika mawasiliano husaidia yafuatayo;-
1. Hudumisha taratibu za kisarufi za lugha; Lugha ya Kiswahili ina taratibu zake. Mano mtu anapoema “Juma hukuji shuleni leo” anapuuza ufasaha,ingawa maana inaeleweka lakini baadhi ya maneno ya tungo hiyo yana ukakasi kwa yeyote anaejali ufasaha wa lugha.
2. Kuhakikisha kukamilika kwa mawasiliano baina ya watu; Njia moja ya kutekeleza haya ni kukwepa matumizi ya misimu kwa mfano sentensi inayosema “Ukikanyaga miwaya hatima yake ni kifo” sentensi hii itapewa maana tofauti, kama vile kukanyaga waya za umeme au UKIMWI,kwa hiyo sentensi hiyo si fasaha kwa kuwa haitoi maana kwa uwazi.
3. Hudumisha Kaida za lugha kutegemeana na mila na desturi; Lugha ya Kiswahili ina kanuni zake. Mfano mtoto akisema “habari za asubuhi” kwa mtu mzima,anapuuza kaida za Kiswahili. Desturi za Kiswahili zinamtaka mtoto aamkie “shikamoo”
4. Huhakikisha Uwiano; Ufasaha unahakikisha kuwepo kwa uwiano wa maneno kutokana na upatanisho wa kisarufi. Maneno katika sentensi zifuatazo hayana uwiano:
(a) Migonjwa ya UKIMWI imekonda sana
(b) Maradhi ya UKIMWI Unaua
Sentensi fasaha ni:
(a) Mgonjwa wa UKIMWI amekonda sana
(b) Maradhi ya UKIMWI huua
5. Huipa lugha urembo na mvuto: Mfano;Harusi ya dada yangu ilikuwa ya kipekee na sijaona mthili yake mpaka sasa, ilijaa chereko na hoihoi zilizopigiwa mfanokwa muda mrefu. Hoihoi zilifukuza joto na kukaribisha upepo mwanana, nao ndege wa angani waliokuwa karibu waliungana na wale wa mbali wote walijumika kuishangilia nakala hiyo.
6. Huweza kukuza hadhi ya Lugha;
Lugha yoyote, dhamani yake hutegemea namna inavyotumiwa na watumiaji wake walio wazawa na wageni.kutokana na kutumia lugha kwa ufasaha tunaweza kukuza hadhi yake katika jamii dhidi ya lugha nyengine.
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-02-27T17:22:24Z2022-02-27T17:22:24Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2412 RUWAZA_ZA_KITENZI_CHA_KISWAHILI_MTAZAMO.pdf (Size: 152.33 KB / Downloads: 2)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-02-27T17:17:04Z2022-02-27T17:17:04Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2411 Dhana na historia ya sarufi mapokeo.docx (Size: 24.85 KB / Downloads: 6)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-01-14T03:56:34Z2022-01-14T03:56:34Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=2221 MUUNDO_WA_VITENZI_VIVUMISHI_VIBAINISHI_N.pdf (Size: 119.98 KB / Downloads: 11)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2022-01-04T03:42:44Z2022-01-04T03:42:44Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=1984Aina za Lugha Katika Isimu Jamii
Lafudhi – Ni upekee wa mtu katika matamshi (accent) unaoathiriwa na lugha ya mama, mazingira yake ya kijiografia au kiwango ujuzi wake wa lugha.
Lahaja – ni vijilugha vinavyoibuka kwa lugha moja kuu kutokana na tofauti za kijiografia baina ya wazungumzaji wa lugha hiyo. Kwa mfano lugha ya Kiswahili ina lahaja kadhaa kama vile Kimtang’ata, Kilamu, Kimvita, n.k. Tofauti baina ya lufudhi ni kama msamiati, muundo wa sentensi au matamshi.
Lugha rasmi – ni lugha inayotumika katika shughuli za kiofisi ama ya wakati wa mawasiliano rasmi katika taifa fulani. Kwa mfano, lugha rasmi nchini Kenya ni Kiingereza.
Lugha rasimi – ni mtindo wa lugha uliotumiwa na mtu/watu fulani mashuhuri (zamani) na ambao huonekana kuwa mtindo bora wa lugha unaofaa kuigwa na wengine. Kwa mfano lugha ya Shakespeare.
Lugha ya taifa – ni lugha inayoteuliwa na taifa fulani kama chombo cha mawasiliano baina ya wananchi, kwa maana inazungumzwa na wananchi wengi katika taifa hilo. Lugha ya taifa, nchini Kenya ni Kiswahili; Uganda ni Kiganda.
Lugha Sanifu – Ni lugha iliyokarabatiwa na sheria zake (k.v muundo wa sentensi, msamiati, sarufi, n.k) kubainishwa na kuandikwa, na kwa hivyo huzingatia sarufi maalum na upatanisho sahihi wa sentensi. Kwa mfano: Kiswahili sanifu – ni lugha isiyokuwa na makosa ya kisarufi.
Lingua Franka – Ni lugha inayoteuliwa miongoni watu wenye asili tofauti wasiozungumza lugha moja ili iwe lugha ya kuwaunganisha katika shughuli rasmi au za kibiashara.
Pijini – ni lugha inayozaliwa kutokana na mchanganyo wa lugha zaidi ya moja. Kwa mfano. Sheng’ (lugha ya vijana mitaani nchini ni lugha iliyoibuka kutoka kwa Kiswahili na Kiingereza.
Krioli – Ni pijini iliyokomaa na kukubalika.
Lugha mame – hii ni lugha isiyokua na ambayo hubaki kati umbo lake la awali. Kwa mfano lugha ya Kilatini haibadiliki na hivyo hutumika katika kubuni majina ya kisayansi, n.k.
Lugha azali – ni lugha inayozaa lugha nyinginezo.
Misimu – ni lugha yenye maneno ya kisiri ambayo hutumiwa na kikundi fulani cha watu katika jamii, inayoeleweka tu baina yao. Misimu huibuka na kutoweka baada ya muda.
20220101_145001.jpg (Size: 138.61 KB / Downloads: 4)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2021-12-29T07:42:19Z2021-12-29T07:42:19Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=1885 HATUA ZA KUTENGA MOFIMU.pdf (Size: 62.72 KB / Downloads: 47)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2021-12-03T11:50:59Z2021-12-03T11:50:59Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=1668 MBINU MBALIMBALI ZA KUBAINI AU KUTAMBUA FONIMU.pdf (Size: 244.97 KB / Downloads: 14)
]]>falseMwlMaeda]]>2021-12-03T11:40:15Z2021-12-03T11:40:15Zhttps://jifunzekiswahili.co.tz/showthread.php?tid=1667NOMINO ZALIKA/UNOMINISHAJI
Unominishaji kwa mujibu wa Habwe na Karanja (2007) wanasema ni hali ya kuunda nomino kutoka katika kategoria nyingine ya neno. Kategoria hizi zaweza kuwa kitenzi, kivumishi au hata nomino yenyewe.
Ø Kwa hiyo vinominishi (o, i) vinaweza kunominisha vitenzi vya Kiswahili katika mazingira yafuatayo: Tukianza na kinominishi (o); kinominishi “o” huweza kunominisha vitenzi vya kibantu vinavyoishia na kiambishi tamati “a”.
Kwa mfano: tenda→ tend-o
Andika → andik-o
Piga → pig-o
Pata → pat-o
Jenga → jeng-o
Fundisha → fundish-o
Ona → on-o
Pamba → pamb-o
Ø Hata hivyo kuna baadhi ya vitenzi vya kibantu vinavyoishia na kiambishi tamati “a”ambavyo havinominishwi na kinominishi “o” mfano wa vitenzi hivyo ni kama lowa, tembea nk.
Ø Pia kinominishi “o” huweza kunominisha vitenzi kwa kuambatana na vinyambulishi (-i-) au (-li-) katika baadhi ya vitenzi.
Kwa mfano: kaanga→ kaang-i–o
Chuja→ chuj-i–o
Pamba → pamb-i–o
Fua → fu-li–o
Kaa → ka-li–o
Ø Mazingira mengine ambamo kinyambulishi nominishi “o” huweza kunominisha kitenzi ni pale ambapo huambatana na mofimu (-e-)
Mfano: Chekecha → chekech-e–o
Fyeka → fyek-e–o
Zoa → zol-e–o
Ø Vilevile kinominishi “o” huweza kunominisha kitenzi kwa kushirikiana na viambishi awali vinominishi.
Mfano: Lima → ki-lim-o
Soma → ki-som-o
Kula → m-l-o
Lia → ki-li-o, m-li-o
Penda → u-pend-o
Cheza → m-chez-o
Ø Pia baadhi ya vitenzi huweza kuondolewa irabu ya mwisho na kubakiwa na kinyambulishi “o” kama kinominishi.
Mfano: toboa→ tobo
Ø Vilevile unominishaji huweza kufanyika katika vitenzi vya utendewa na utendeshwa kwa kuondoa mofimu (-w-a).
Mfano: somwa → som-o
Pigwa →pig-o
Lishwa → lish-o
Tendwa →tend-o
Ø Kwa upande wa kinominishi “i” pia huweza kunominisha kitenzi katika mazingira tofautitofauti kama ilivyoonyeshwa hapa chini.
Kinominishi “i” huweza kunominisha kitenzi kwa kusaidiana na viambishi awali vinominishi.
Mfano: soma → m-som-i
Soma → u-som-i
Chunguza → u-chunguz-i
Chokoza → u-chokoz-i
Ø Kinominishi “i” huweza kuchukua nafasi ya kiambishi tamati “a” katika kitenzi na kunominisha kitenzi hicho.
Mfano: Sema → sem-i
Ø Vilevile kinominishi “i” huweza kuambatana na vinyambulishi vingine ili kunominisha kitenzi.
Mfano: Chuja → chuj-i–o
Pita → pit-i–o
Habwe na Karanja (2007:45) wanasema kinominishi “i” kinapotumika kunominisha mizizi inayoishia na konsonanti, mfano; (pik) na (jeng). Mofimu “i” inapopachikwa kwenye mizizi hubadili na kuifanya kuwa nomino.
Mfano:
Kitenzi
Unominishaji
Nomino
Pika
mu+pik+i
mpishi
Jenga
mu+jeng+i
mjenzi
Iba
mu+ib+i
mwizi
Ø Vilevile kinominishi “i” huweza kunominisha shina la kitenzi cha mnyambuliko.
Mfano: tembeza→ m-tembez-i
Kimbiza → m-kimbiz-i
Tapisha → ma-tapish-i
· Kivumishi cha sifa kikiongezwa irabu “u” mwanzoni mwa kivumishi husika huunda nomino zalika: mfano: baya ubaya, zuri uzuri, vivu uvivu
· Nomino zinazotokana na kuongeza kiambishi “ki” mwazoni na “o”mwishoni mwa kitenzi. Mfano: soma – kisomo, apa – kiapo, piga –kipigo, ziba – kizibo, lia – kilio.
· Nomino zinazotokana na kuongezwa kwa kiambishi “m” mwanzoni mwa silabi na “ji” mwishoni mwa kitenzi. Mfano: chora – mchoraji, cheza – mchezaji, baka – mbakaji, kamua – mkamuaji, fagia –mfagiaji.
· Nomino zinazotokana kwa kuongeza viambishi awali “m” na “u”mwanzoni mwa kitenzi au kiambishi tamati “vu” au “zi” mfano: legeza – ulegevu (hali), mlegevu (mtu), teleza – utelezi (hali),mtetezi (mtu), kakamaa – ukakamavu (hali), mkakamavu (mtu).
· Kwa kuambatanisha maneno mawili. Mfano: uambatanishaji wa jina kwa jina: askarikanzu, batamzinga, afisakilimo,
· Jina na kivumishi: mjamzito.
· Kitenzi na jina: chemshabongo, changamoto.
Jina tegemezi na jina huru: jinategemezi hutokana na kitenzi na linahitaji jina huru ili maana ikamilike. Mfano: mpigambizi, kitindamimba,kifunguakinywa, kifunguamimba, nk.