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ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "SARUFI''
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ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "SARUFI''
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HII NDIYO ETIMOLOJIA YA NENO "SARUFI''
Neno *sarufi* katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni *nomino: [Ngeli: i-/zi-*] yenye maana zifuatazo:
1. Mfumo na muundo wa lugha ambao mtu akiufahamu humwezesha kuizungumza kwa ufasaha.
2. Taaluma ya isimu inayotafiti na kubainisha kanuni za vipengele mbalimbali vya lugha kwa mfano fonetiki, fonolojia, mofolojia, semantiki au sintaksia, *mfumo wa lugha.*
Neno hili *sarufi* linatokana na neno la Kiarabu *swarf* lenye maana zifuatazo:
1. Matukio ya zama, *swarfud dahri صرف الدهر.*
2. Kiuchumi, ni kubadilisha fedha ya nchi kwa fedha ya kigeni; kiwango cha kubadilisha fedha za kigeni.
3. Kilugha, ni taaluma inayohusika na kutambua vijenzi vya maneno na minyumbuliko yake; *mofolojia.*
4. Kisarufi, ni uwekaji wa herufi nuun (ن) mwishoni mwa neno ili kulitambulisha kuwa kwake katika kundi la nomino.
Kinachodhihiri ni kuwa neno *swarfu صرف* lilipoingia katika Kiswahili na kutoholewa kuwa neno *sarufi* liliacha maana yake ya *mofolojia* katika lugha ya Kiarabu na kuchukua maana mpya pana ya kanuni, sheria au taratibu zinazotawala lugha katika viwango yote vya uchambuzi wa lugha yaani kiwango cha sarufi matamshi (fonolojia) sarufi maumbo (mofolojia) sarufi miundo (sintaksia) na sarufi maana (semantiki).
Neno lenye maana ya tawi la isimu ya lugha linalojihusisha na fonolojia, mofolojia, semantiki na sintaksia, katika lugha ya Kiarabu, ni *Qawaaidul Lughatil Arabiyyat قواعد اللغة العربية* misingi ya lugha ya Kiarabu.
*Shukran sana.*
*Khamis S.M. Mataka.*
Mwl Maeda
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